Answer:
(a)
The seasonal reversal of wind direction over the Indian sub-continent is the
result of the Coriolis force. It is an apparent force caused by the Earths rotation.
The Coriolis force is responsible for deflecting winds towards the right
in the Northern Hemisphere and towards the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
(b) The rainfall received by India is largely due to the South-West
monsoon winds. The duration of the monsoon is between 100 to 120 days. Hence,
the bulk of rainfall received by the country is concentrated over a few months.
(c) During the winter season, North-East trade winds
prevail over India. They blow from land to sea and hence for most part of the
country, it is a dry season. However, the Tamil Nadu coast receives winter
rainfall due to these winds. This is because in this region these winds blow
from sea to land, thereby carrying moisture along with them.
(d) The delta region of the Eastern coast of India is frequently
struck by cyclones. This is because the cyclonic depressions that originate
over the Andaman sea are brought in by the sub-tropical Easterly jet stream
blowing over peninsular India during the monsoon, as well as during the October
to November period.
(e) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of
the Western Ghats are drought-prone because of the scanty rainfall received by
these regions during the monsoon rains.
The progressive decrease in the humidity of the winds of
the Bay of Bengal branch causes the amount of rainfall to decrease from East to
West in Northern India. As the leeward side is the rain-shadow area, the
regions lying in this region receive very little rain from the Arabian sea branch.
It is the windward side of the ghats that receives the maximum rain.
This types of question will not he asked in the examination.
Only two or three sub-parts will he asked.
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