Answer:
The
climate of India is governed by the atmospheric conditions in the following
ways Pressure and surface winds During winter, the North of Himalaya has
a high pressure area and over the ocean, to the South, there is a low pressure
area. So, cold wind blows towards the sea.
In summer, a low pressure area develops over
North-Western India. So, there is a complete reversal of
direction of winds. So, wind rich in
moisture gathered from ocean moves towards the mainland
and brings widespread rainfall.
(ii) Upper air circulation It is dominated by a Westerly
flow. Jet stream is one of its important components. These are located over
27°-30° North latitude, therefore, they are also called subtropical Westerly
jet streams. This brings Western cyclonic disturbance in the North and North-Western
India.
(iii) Tropical cyclones These occur during the monsoon
as well as in October-November and are part of the Easterly flow. These
disturbances affect the coastal regions of the country.
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