Answer:
OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine) is a vaccine taken by mouth, which
colonises the gut and induces immunity.
It is important to give OPV to children under five years
of age even though he is vaccinated because he can still harbour the disease
causing virus in his intestine. Which has the chances to keeps getting excreted
in stool and also there is a risk for polio to get transmitted in the unvaccinated
children of the community.
This virus cannot survive for a long time in the
atmosphere when the oral polio virus is given as it does not
allow virus to live in intestines and expel them out.
And it has been observed that this virus only lives in the
intestine of babies below five year of age, thus it is necessary to give OPV to
children below five year to eradicate this disease totally.
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