Answer:
AIDS
is caused by a retrovirus, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). It is transmitted
from an infected to a healthy person through sexual contact, blood transfusion,
use of infected needle or blade. Also, it may get transmitted from infected
mother to her foetus.
Symptoms:
(i) Inflammation in lymph glands.
(ii) Loss of weight and sweating during night.
(iii) Bleeding and fever.
(iv) Severe damage to the brain which may even lead to
loss of memory. In some cases, the person may cease to speak and even think.
(v) Above all, the possibility of other diseases also
increases because of the damage caused to the immune system.
Prevention:
(i) By avoiding sexual contact with unknown persons.
(ii) By using sterilised needles, blades, etc.
(iii) By ensuring that the blood to be transfused is free
from HIV.
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