question_answer

How can crop variety improvement methods help farmers facing repeated crop failure? Describe three factors for which they could do crop improvement, which is the most common method of obtaining improved variety of crops. Explain briefly.

Answer:

                Crop variety improvement basically focuses on finding a crop variety that can provide a good yield. Factors for which crop improvement can be done are (i) Higher yield Every farmer do agriculture, so that he gets a good yield and he becomes economically stable. Crops need to be improved, so that they provide good productivity per acre. (ii) Improved quality Both quantity, quality should also be of almost importance for crop improvement e.g., baking quality in wheat, protein quality in pulses, oil quality in oilseeds should be given consideration, while selecting a improved variety. (iii) Wider adaptability Varieties should be developed having wide adaptability, that will stabilise its growth in different environmental conditions.                                                       (3) There are two ways of getting a variety with desirable characteristics. (i) Genetic manipulation Here a gene is introduced that provides the desirable characters. (ii) Hybridisation The most common method of obtaining  improved  variety  of crops   is hybridisation. Hybridisation is the cross between genetically dissimilar plants.          (1)                It can be of three types (i) Intervarietal Cross between two different varieties. (ii) Interespecific Cross between two different species of the same genus. (iii) Intereeneric Cross between two different genera.                                                  (1)