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question_answer1)
Direction (1 - 5): Glucose \[\left( {{C}_{6}}{{H}_{12}}{{O}_{6}} \right)\] contains six carbon atoms and an aldehyde group and is therefore referred to as an aldohexose. The glucose molecule can exist in an open- chain (acyclic) and ring (cyclic) form (in equilibrium), the latter being the result of an intramolecular reaction between the aldehyde C atom and the C-5 hydroxyl group to form an intramolecular hemiacetal. As the ring contain five carbon atoms and one oxygen atom, which resembles the structure of pyran, the cyclic form of glucose is also referred to as glucopyranose. In the ring, each carbon is linked to a hydroxyl side group with the exception of the fifth atom, which links to a sixth carbon atom outside the ring, forming a \[C{{H}_{2}}OH\] group. |
(Source : Shendurse A.M. and Khedkar C.D. (2016) |
Glucose: Properties and Analysis. In: Caballero, B., Finglas, P., and Toldra, F. (eds.) The Encyclopedia of Food and Health vol. 3, pp. 239-247. Oxford: Academic Press.) |
Glucopyranose structure was proposed by
A)
Fischer done
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B)
Haworth done
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C)
Tollen done
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D)
Fehling. done
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question_answer2)
Specific rotation of equilibrium mixture of the three forms of glucose is ..........
A)
\[112{}^\circ \] done
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B)
\[19{}^\circ \] done
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C)
\[52-7{}^\circ \] done
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D)
\[39-7{}^\circ \]. done
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question_answer3)
Formation of \[\alpha \]- and \[\beta \]-methyl glucosides on heating glucose with \[C{{H}_{3}}OH\] in the presence of dry HCl gas indicates
A)
a ring structure done
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B)
primary alcoholic group done
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C)
five hydroxyl group done
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D)
an aldehydic group. done
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question_answer4)
Direction (4-5): In these questions (Q. 4 - 5), a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices. |
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Assertion: The two cyclic hemiacetal forms of glucose are called anomers. |
Reason: \[\alpha \]-Glucose and \[\beta \]-glucose are the anomers of glucose. |
A)
Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done
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B)
Assertion and reason both are correct statement but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done
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C)
Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done
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D)
Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done
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question_answer5)
Assertion: In D-glucose, all the six carbon atoms are linked in a straight chain. |
Reason: On prolonged heating with Hl, D-glucose gives n-hexane. |
A)
Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done
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B)
Assertion and reason both are correct statement but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done
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C)
Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done
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D)
Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done
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question_answer6)
Direction (6 - 10): Amino acids are building blocks of protein. More than 500 amino acids have been described, but only 20 amino acids take part in protein synthesis. Amino acids are necessary for protein synthesis and have various functions in the body. It is necessary to take them in the diet because their deficiency results in decrease formation of protein or protein is not formed as a result protein deficiency may occur. It is concluded that amino acids play important role in our body. |
(Reference : Akram, Muhammad & Asif, Muhammad & Uzair, Muhmmad & Naveed, Akhtar & Madni, Muhammad Asadullah & All Shah, Dr Syed & Hasan, Zahoor & Khan, Asmat (2011). Amino acids : A review article. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5. 3997- 4000.) |
In proteins, a-amino acids are joined together by:
A)
phosphodiester linkage done
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B)
glycosidic linkage done
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C)
peptide linkage done
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D)
hydrogen bonding. done
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question_answer7)
Which of the following \[\alpha \]-amino acids is not optically active?
A)
Leucine done
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B)
Valine done
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C)
Alanine done
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D)
Glycine. done
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question_answer8)
How many amino acids take part in protein synthesis?
A)
10 done
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B)
20 done
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C)
24 done
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D)
48 done
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question_answer9)
Which of me following amino acids is an essential amino acid?
A)
Glycine done
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B)
Alanine done
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C)
Valine done
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D)
Glutamic acid. done
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question_answer10)
Insulin contains :
A)
31 amino acids done
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B)
41 amino acids done
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C)
51 amino acids done
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D)
61 amino acids. done
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question_answer11)
Direction (11 - 15): Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides which in turn consist of a base, a pentose sugar and phosphate moiety. Nucleic acids are responsible for the transfer of characters from parents of offsprings. There are two types of nucleic acids - DNA and RNA. DNA contains a five carbon sugar molecule called 2-deoxyribose whereas RNA contains ribose. Both DNA and RNA contain adenine, guanine and cytosine. The fourth base is thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA. The structure of DNA is a double strand whereas RNA is a single strand molecule. DNA is the chemical basis of heredity and have the coded message for proteins to be synthesised in the cell. There are three types of RNA - mRNA, rRNA and tRNA which actually carry out the protein synthesis in the cell. |
(Source : N.C.E.R.T. book, Class XII) |
The RNA which carries the genetic information from DNA for protein synthesis is
A)
r-RNA done
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B)
t-RNA done
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C)
m-RNA done
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D)
All the three done
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question_answer12)
The complementary base in RNA strand to the adenine base in DNA during protein synthesis is
A)
Thymine done
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B)
Uracil done
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C)
Cytosine done
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D)
Guanine. done
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question_answer13)
Which base is present in RNA but not in DNA?
A)
Guanine done
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B)
Cytosine done
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C)
Uracil done
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D)
Thymine. done
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question_answer14)
In both DNA and RNA, heterocyclic base and phosphate ester linkages are at
A)
\[{{C}_{5}}'\] and \[{{C}_{2}}'\] respectively of the sugar molecule done
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B)
\[{{C}_{2}}'\] and \[{{C}_{5}}'\] respectively of the sugar molecule done
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C)
\[{{C}_{1}}'\] and \[{{C}_{5}}'\] respectively of the sugar molecule done
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D)
\[{{C}_{5}}'\]and \[{{C}_{1}}'\] respectively of the sugar molecule. done
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question_answer15)
A segment of a DNA molecule which codes or specifies one polypeptide chain is called
A)
Phosphate group done
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B)
Adenine done
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C)
Gene done
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D)
Codon. done
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question_answer16)
Direction (16 - 20): Carbohydrates are either polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or substances which generally give these upon hydrolysis. These have been classified as mono, oligo or polysaccharides. These are all optically active since they contain number of chiral carbon atoms in their molecules. Further, the carbohydrates may be either reducing or non-reducing in nature. In disaccharides and polysaccharides, the monosaccharides are linked to each other by Glycosidic linkages. |
The \[\alpha \] and \[\beta \] forms of D(+) Glucose differ in configuration at .... are known as ....... .
A)
\[{{C}_{1}}\], Enantiomers done
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B)
\[{{C}_{1}}\], Anomers done
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C)
\[{{C}_{2}}\], Epimers done
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D)
\[{{C}_{2}}\], Diastereomers. done
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question_answer17)
Which of the following give the same osazone?
A)
Glucose, Fructose done
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B)
Glucose, Galactose done
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C)
Maltose, Lactose done
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D)
Sucrose, Fructose. done
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question_answer18)
In the polysaccharides, the monosaccharides are linked to each other by :
A)
Glycosidic Linkage done
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B)
Peptide Linkage done
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C)
Nucleosidic Linkage done
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D)
None is correct. done
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question_answer19)
Mutarotation does not occur in
A)
Sucrose done
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B)
D-glucose done
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C)
L-glucose done
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D)
Fructose. done
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question_answer20)
The number of optical isomers of glucose and fructose are respectively :
A)
16, 8 done
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B)
8, 16 done
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C)
8, 4 done
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D)
4, 8. done
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question_answer21)
Direction (21 - 25): All proteins are made up of \[\alpha \]-amino acids which act as the building blocks, \[\alpha \]-amino acids that are synthesized in the body, are known as non-essential \[\alpha \]-amino acids while the one which the body fails to synthesise, are called essential \[\alpha \]-amino acids. All of them exist as dipolar ions also known as Zwitter ions. For all the \[\alpha \]- amino acids, there is a certain pH of the medium known as isoelectric point at which the dipolar ions behave as electrically neutral species. In acidic medium, the ion migrates towards cathode while in basic medium, it migrates towards anode on passing electric current. |
(Source : Internet) |
Which of the following is not an essential \[\alpha \]-amino acid?
A)
Lysine done
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B)
Phenylalanine done
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C)
Valine done
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D)
Alanine. done
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question_answer22)
The isoelectric point of an amino acid is
A)
the pH at which it exists in basic form done
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B)
the pH at which it exists in acidic form done
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C)
the pH at which it exists in zwitter ion form done
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D)
the pH equal to its \[{{P}_{Ka}}\]. done
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question_answer23)
Which is basic amino acid?
A)
Aspartic acid done
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B)
Histidine done
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C)
Valine done
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D)
Leucine. done
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question_answer24)
Direction (24 - 25): In the questions 24 and 25, a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choice. |
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Assertion: Amino acids that cannot be synthesised in the body and must be obtained through diet, are known as essential amino acids. |
Reason: Glycine is an essential amino acid. |
A)
Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done
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B)
Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done
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C)
Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done
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D)
Assertion is wrong statement-but reason is correct statement. done
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question_answer25)
Assertion: In aqueous solution, amino acids give rise to a dipolar ion known as zwitter ion. |
Reason: Amino acids have both acidic (carboxyl group) and basic (amino group) group present in the same molecule. |
A)
Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done
clear
B)
Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done
clear
C)
Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done
clear
D)
Assertion is wrong statement-but reason is correct statement. done
clear
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