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question_answer1) Name the basic criteria that is used by World Bank for comparison of countries on the basis of development.
question_answer2) Mention one non-material benefit that increases welfare of population.
question_answer3) Kerala has lower per capita income but has 5 times less IMR than Punjab which has higher per capita income than Kerala. What may be the reason?
question_answer4) Name at least one country in South Asia which has lower HDI than India.
question_answer5) Name the international organisation that published HDI.
question_answer6) Can you imagine one developmental goal of a landless rural labour?
question_answer7) Give one example of non-renewable resources.
question_answer8) Which region of the world has the maximum amount of crude oil reserve?
question_answer9) Name one criteria other than income which may reflect the level of development.
question_answer10) Give the reason for lower infant mortality rate in Kerala.
question_answer11) Mention the term used for 'number of children' that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.
question_answer12) Name the report published by UNDP that compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income.
question_answer13) Compare the per capita income of India with that of Sri Lanka according to World Development Report 2004.
question_answer14) Write any one aspiration that a prosperous farmer from Punjab may possess for his development
question_answer15) Give one example how rich and poor has conflicting goal of development.
question_answer16) State the difference between literacy rate and attendance ratio.
question_answer17) Mention one single major reason for more drop out ratio in Bihar.
question_answer18) Give one major reason for which children particularly girls are not able to achieve secondary level schooling.
question_answer19) Write one example of inequality in Urban areas.
question_answer20) Write one example where collective provision of goods and services is cheaper than individual provison.
question_answer21) Give the reason for which lesser girl children of age group 10-14 in comparison to boys in rural areas attending school
question_answer22) In Tamil Nadu, 75 per cent of the people living in rural areas use a ration shop, whereas in Jharkhand Only 8 per cent of rural people do so. Where would people be better off and why?
question_answer23) Does availability of good health and educational facilities depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities? What other factors could be relevant?
question_answer24) Can there be any development without over use of natural resources?
question_answer25) Your friend is 150 cm tall and have weight 40ka Find out his BMI and comment on his report. He is underweight as his BMI is less than 18.5.
question_answer26) A resource will get exhausted after 15 year from now if used at current rate. In which category do you like to put the resource?
question_answer27) Name one of our neighbour which has better performance in terms of human development than India?
question_answer28) In Human development report Sri Lanka scores 0.778 where as India gets 0.658. What do you understand from this report?
question_answer29) Why per capita income is counted in dollar rather than our rupee?
question_answer30) In UP most of the industries are run on thermal power but in Gujarat most industries are become mandatory to run by solar energy. Which state do you think adopt sustainable development.
question_answer31) Give three examples where an average is used for comparing situations.
question_answer32) From the text, find out the per capita income level of middle-income countries as per WDR 2006.
question_answer33) Think of other examples where collective provision of goods and services is cheaper than individual provision.
question_answer34) With the help of an example show how two groups may have different notions of development.
question_answer35) Give examples to prove that there are other important developmental goals than income.
question_answer36) What do you mean by public facilities? Why are they important? Explain the utility of two public facilities available in India.
question_answer37) What are the major attributes of development considered by UNDP in making the Human Development Report? Explain the importance of each of these attributes.
question_answer38) How are economic development and human development related to each other?
question_answer39) Kerala, with a lower per capita income has a better, human development ranking than Punjab. Hence, the per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you agree? Discuss.
question_answer40) Why is the issue of sustainability important for development?
question_answer41) "The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person". How is this statement relevant to the discussion of development? Discuss.
question_answer42) The table shows the proportion of undernourished adults in India. It is based on a survey of various states in the country for the year 2001. Look at the table and answer the following questions. State Male (%) Female (%) Kerala 22 19 Karnataka 36 38 Madhya Pradesh 43 42 All States 37 36 (i) Compare the nutritional level of the people in Kerala and Madhya Pradesh. (ii) Can you guess, why around 40 per cent of the people in the country are undernourished even though it is argued that there is enough food in the country? Describe in your own words.
question_answer43) The following newspaper report was published on 8th April, 2006. "The government's insensitivity towards Medha Patkar's fast-unto-death and the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) dharna in Delhi is of a piece with the long years of systemic apathy to the larger issue of rehabilitation of local communities, either ousted or facing displacement, due to the ongoing Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP). The callous disregard with which the government treats such peaceful protest, conducted within the legal-institutional framework of the nation-state and the legitimate demands they raise, sends out rather disturbing signals." What do you think were the reasons for the protest by the affected people? What reason could the government have for "callous disregard" of the protest?
question_answer44) The following newspaper report was published on 28th September, 2012. "Overexploitation, due to population concentration, has led to depletion of the groundwater and the recharge process is slow due to the type of soil in the region," said the Chairman, Central Ground Water Board (CGWB). According to him, hard rock areas of south India are also severely affected but the recharge process was quicker in rocky areas. "Good rains over a five to seven year period can bring back water in aquifers," he said, adding that the issues of water and land were crucial to India's development." Do you feel that the Chairman, CGWB was right? If so, what steps should be taken to reduce the overexploitation of groundwater resources without seriously affecting the region's development?
question_answer45) In what respects is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank? Explain. Or What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any? In what respects is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank?
question_answer46) Do the following two statements mean the same? Justify your answer. (a) People have different developmental goals. (b) People have conflicting developmental goals.
question_answer47) "Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries". Justify the statement.
question_answer48) Why are public facilities needed for the development of the country? Explain any four public facilities. Or What do you mean by public facilities? Why are they important? Name two public facilities available in India.
question_answer49) For each of the items given in Table find out which country is at the top and which is at the bottom. Some Data Regarding India and its Neighbours for 2004 Country Per Capita Income in US $ Life Expectancy at Birth Literacy Rate for 15+ yrs Population Gross Enrolment Ratio for Three Levels HDI Rank in the World Sri Lanka 4390 74 91 69 93 India 3139 64 61 60 126 Myanmar 1027 61 90 48 130 Pakistan 2225 63 50 35 134 Nepal 1490 62 50 61 138 Bangladesh 1870 63 41 53 137 Note 1. HDI stands for Human Development Index. HDI ranks in above table are out of 177 countries in all. 2. Life expectancy at birth denotes, as the name suggests, average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth. 3. Gross Enrolment Ratio for three levels means enrolment ratio for primary school, secondary school and higher education beyond secondary school. 4. Per capita income is calculated in dollars for all countries so that it can be compared, it is also done in a way so that every dollar would buy the same amount of goods and services in any country.
question_answer50) Mention main components of 'Human Development Index'.
question_answer51) What is the criterion used by World Development Report 2006 for classifying countries?
question_answer52) Name the neighbouring country of India which had higher rank in HDI for 2004 than India.
question_answer53) Why is it that income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use? Give one example.
question_answer54) Why do you think the World Wild Life fund (WWF) is promoting the 'Earth Hour'?
question_answer55) In a colony there is a barren land. Children use it regularly for playing football, jogging, badminton and other recreational activities. The government decides to build shops in the given space. (a) What would you say are the development goals of the government? (b) In what way are these goals contradictory to those of the children?
question_answer56) In a society, which social group / institution would have the following goals? (a) Reduction in population living below poverty line. (b) Making the pulse polio programmer successful. (c) Ensuring that the class performs well. (d) Flowers grow beautifully in the garden. (e) Furniture is appreciated for beauty and strength. (f) Citizens follow traffic rules.
question_answer57) Why is Tertiary sector gaining importance in India? Explain any three reasons.
question_answer58) Study the given diagram and answer the questions that follow. (i) Which sector shows the highest increase in share of GDP in the given period? (ii) Which sector shows a decreasing trend in the share of its GDP? (iii) Why has the Primary sector remained more important than other sectors in spite of its smaller share in GDP? Give one reason.
question_answer59) What is meant by disguised unemployment? Give one example each from rural and urban areas.
question_answer60) Explain the difference in employment conditions in organised and unorganized sectors.
question_answer61) Describe the role played by National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in improving the employment situation in India.
question_answer62) "Workers are exploited in unorganised sectors in India". Support the statement with suitable examples. Workers are really exploited in unorganised sectors in India.
question_answer63) Highlight any three differences between intermediate goods and final goods.
question_answer64) Why has the government taken up the responsibility of Public sector activities in a country like India? Explain any three reasons.
question_answer65) Suggest any three ways to create more employment avenues in urban areas.
question_answer66) Explain how Public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.
question_answer67) How is Tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.
question_answer68) "Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian Economy." Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
question_answer69) Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?
question_answer70) Compare the employment conditions prevailing in the Organised and Unorganised sector.
question_answer71) Explain the objectives of implementing the NREGA 2005.
question_answer72) Give a few examples of Public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.
question_answer73) Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment?
question_answer74) How would income and employment increase if farmers were provided with irrigation and marketing facilities?
question_answer75) Compare and contrast the changes in India with the pattern that was observed for developed countries. What kind of changes between sectors were desired but did not happen in India? (Compare with the data from 1973 to 2003)
question_answer76) What is the significance of Secondary sector in Indian economy? How does it help in the economic development of the country?
question_answer77) Explain the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary sectors using examples other than those mentioned in the text.
question_answer78) Classify the following list of occupations under primary, secondary and tertiary sectors. Tailor Workers in Match Factory Basket weaver Money lender Flower cultivator Gardener Milk vendor Potter Fishermen Bee-keeper Priest Astronaut Courier Call centre employee
question_answer79) Students in a school are often classified into primary and secondary or junior and senior. What is the criterion that is used. Do you think this is a useful classification? Discuss.
question_answer80) What does the history of developed countries indicate about the shifts that have taken place between sectors?
question_answer81) Correct and arrange the important aspects for calculating GDP from this jumble. To count goods and services we add the numbers that are produced. We count all those that were produced in the last five years. Since we shouldn't leave out anything we add up all these goods and services.
question_answer82) Complete the table using the data given in Graphs 2 and 3 answer the question that follows. Graph 2 : Share of Sectors in GDP (%) Graph 3 : Share of Sectors in Employment (%) Share of Primary Sector in GDP and Employment 1973 2000 or 2003 Share in GDP Share in Employment What are the changes that you observe in the primary sector over a span of thirty years?
question_answer83) Choose the correct answer Underemployment occurs when people (i) do not want to work. (ii) are working in a lazy manner. (iii) are working less than what they are capable of doing. (iv) are not paid for their work.
question_answer84) Compare and contrast the changes in India with the pattern that was observed for developed countries. What kind of changes between sectors were desired but did not happen in India?
question_answer85) Why should we be worried about underemployment?
question_answer86) Imagine that you are the village head. In that capacity suggest some activities that you think should be taken up under this Act that would also increase the income of people? Discuss.
question_answer87) How would income and employment increase of farmers were provided with irrigation and marketing facilities?
question_answer88) In what ways can employment be increased in urban areas?
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