3rd Class Computers Science How Data is Stored in Computer Data Measurement System

      Data Measurement System  

Suppose you are asked where you live or the name of your friends, you will reply immediately because you remember them and this information is already in your memory. A computer also has a memory which stores a lot of information inside: it. A computer stores everything in its CPU.  

All the data that enters into the computers first converts into the binary number system. One digit in binary number system is called bit and combination of eight bits is called byte. Bit is the smallest measuring unit of computer memory. It means binary digits. Just like we use kilograms and grams to measure weight, the computer's memory is organized as a collection of bytes. A byte is the basic unit that is used to represent the alphabetic, numeric and alphanumeric data. Byte is a unit of measurement of computer memory. Each number, alphabet or special character takes place of one byte. For example, the name Zacob needs 5 bytes for its storage. Large amounts of memory are indicated in terms of kilobytes (1,024 bytes), megabytes (1,048,576 bytes) and gigabytes (1,073,741,824 bytes).  

     Units to measure memory are given in the following table:

Bit                             =            0 or 1

Nibble                      =            4 Bits    

1 Byte (B)                  =            8 Bits

1 Kilobyte (KB)         =            1024 B

1 Megabyte             =            1024 KB

1 Gigabyte              =             1024 MB  

 Match the following:          

        A                                                     B

1.   Bits                                                  i.    4 bits

2.   Bytes                                              ii.   binary digit

3.   Nibble                                            iii. 8 bits

(A) 1, i; 2, ii; 3, iii                                               

(B) 1, ii; 2, iii; 3, i

(C) 1, iii; 2, ii; 3, i                                               

(D) 1, ii; 2, i; 3, iii

(E) 1, i; 2, iii; 3, ii  

Answer: (b)

Explanation

Correct Option:

(B) Option (B) is matched correctly.

Incorrect Options:

(A) Option (A) is matched incorrectly.

(C) Option (C) is matched incorrectly.

(D) Option (D) is matched incorrectly.

(E) Option (E) is matched incorrectly.  

 Few statements are given below. Select the correct statements.

1. Bit is the smallest measuring unit of computer memory.

2. Byte is a standard unit of measurement of computer memory.

3. The name Zacob needs 8 bytes for its storage.

(A) 1 and 2                                                         

(B) 2 and 3

(C) 1 and 3                                                          

(D) All of these

(E) None of these  

Answer: (A)

Explanation

Correct Option:

(A) Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Therefore, option (A) is correct.

Incorrect Options:

(B) Statement 2 is correct but statement 3 is Incorrect Therefore, option (B) is incorrect.

(C) Statement 1 is correct but statement 3 is incorrect. Therefore, option (C) is incorrect.

(D) All the given statements are not correct. Therefore, option (D) is incorrect.

(E) All the given statements are not incorrect. Therefore, option (E) is incorrect.  

• A virus is a bad program/file that attacks the hardware and software of our 'computer. As a result, our computer stops working or does not work properly. Antivirus software such as Norton Antivirus helps in removing the virus from our computer.               
•  We can easily open a folder made on the desktop by double clicking its icon.

• Files: A collection of data or information that has a name is called the filename.
• Directory: A virtual container within a digital file system, in which groups computer files and other folders can be kept and organized.
• Bit: The smallest unit of information on a machine.
• Byte: A unit of storage capable of holding a single character. On almost a modern computers, a byte is equal to 8 bits.  

• Data means any facts around us and they are stored in an organized manner oh the computer through files and directories. Data on the computer is measured in terms of bits and bytes.
• Resources on Net: http://www.webopedia.com
• Related Topics : Getting Familiar with Windows - Chapter 9  

     Abbreviations

BIT                -            Binary Digit

Byte             -            Binary Term