question_answer 1)

Answer the following questions briefly   (i) Define an ecosystem.   (ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?   (iii) What is a bioreserve? Give two examples.   (iv) Name two animals having habitat in tropical and montane type of vegetation.

Answer:

(i)All the plants and animals in an area are interdependent and interrelated to each other in their physical environment, thus forming an ecosystem. Human beings are also an integral part of the ecosystem. They utilise the vegetation and wild life. (ii)The factors responsible for the distribution of plants (flora) and animals (fauna) in India are —   (a) Relief factors •Land •Soil   (b) Climate •Temperature          • Photoperiod (sunlight) •Precipitation (iii)A bioreserve is an area in which the flora and fauna of the given country is protected and there are certain researches which are done on them. It is an area .containing a wildlife preserve bordered by a buffer zone in which more frequent use is permitted to the public, established as a way of integrating habitat conservation with the interests of the local community. Examples are Rajaji in Uttarakhand and Simlipal in Orissa.. (iv)Animals found in Tropical forests are lion, tiger, pig, deer and elephant. Animals found in Montane forests are Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squarrels, shaggy horn wild ibex, bear and rare red panda, sheep and goats with thick hair.