Answer:
Under
strongly basic conditions, benzenediazonium chloride is converted into
diazohydroxide/diazoate both of which are not electrophilic and hence do not
couple with aniline.
On the other hand, in highly acidic conditions, aniline
gets converted into anilinium ion. As a result, aniline is no longer
hucleophilic acid hence will not couple with diazonium chloride. Therefore, the
reaction is' carried out under mild conditions, i.e., pH 4-5.
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