question_answer 46)

  Discuss the mode of action and advantages/disadvantages of hormonal contraceptives.

Answer:

                  Intra Uterine Devices are presently available as (a) Non-medicated lUDs (e.g., Lippes loop).                                            (b) Copper releasing lUDs (e.g., Cu-T, Cu-7, Multiload 375).                               (c) Hormone releasing IUDs (e.g. progestasert, LNG-20). Mode of Action of Hormonal Contraceptives The hormones releasing IUDs, make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms. Progesterone can also be used as injections and implants (slow release of hormones) to inhibit ovulation. Advantages of Hormonal Contraceptives Administration of progestogens or progestogen-oestrogen combinations or IUDs within 72hrs of intercourse have been found to be effective as emergency contraceptives as they could be used to avoid possible pregnancy due to rape or causal unprotected intercourse. Disadvantages of Hormonal Contraceptives (i) IUDs are suggested as ideal contraceptives for the females but they can have serious side effects. (ii) Can cause allergic reaction. (iii) If displaced, can cause tissue damage and profuse bleeding. (iv) IUDs can damage the normal hormonal balance and later even if desired, pregnancy may not be achieved. (v) Artificial intake can disrupt normal hormonal interactions in the body system.