question_answer 3)

Why do we observe regional differences in educational attainment in India?

Answer:

There are wide differences in educational attainment in India across regions and states. While literacy rate in Kerala was above 90% in 2001, in Bihar it was only 47% in the same year. States of Uttar Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Jharkhand and Rajasthan are also lagging in educational attainment. This disparity is due to economic, political as well as social reasons as explained below (i) Economic Resources Stlates which are more affluent are in a position to invest more; in education in the form of establishing schools, colleges, and appointing better teachers. Hence, the educational attainment is better in these states. (ii) Political Will Apart from resources, the commitment on the part of State Governments is essential for proper implementation of education schemes. Thus difference in political will towards creating better human capital and providing social development among different State Governments is also a reason for regional difference in educational attainment. (iii) Socio-cultural Factors Different social norms and traditions in different regions create difference in attitude towards education in various regions. People understand the importance of education in regions, where social development has already taken place while in socially backward regions education is not considered important especially for girls.