Answer:
(b) Inspiration is a
active process whereas expiration is a passive process. Inspiration occur when
the muscles of diaphragm contrac to increase the overall volume of thoracic
cavity.
Thus the pressure
within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is less in comparison to the
atmospheric pressure, i.e., there is a negative pressure in the lungs with
respect to atmospheric pressure. As the muscles use energy for contraction
inspiration is called active process.
Whereas,
during the expiration diaphragm muscles relax without the use of energy intra-pulmonary
pressure becomes higher than the atmospheric pressure and air noshes out. Thus,
it is a passive process.
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