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A Mendelian experiment consists of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them were short. This suggests that the genetic make-up of the tall parent cod depicted as
(a) TTWW (b) TTww (c) TtWW (d) TtWw
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An example of homologous organs is
(a) our arm and a dog's fore-leg (b) our teeth and an elephant's tusks
(c) potato and runners of grass (d) all of the above.
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In evolutionary terms, we are more in common with
(a) a Chinese school-boy (b) a chimpanzee
(c) a spider (d) a bacterium
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A study found that children with light-coloured eyes are likely to have parents with light coloured eyes. On this basis, can we say anything about whether the light eye colour is dominant or recessive? Why or why not?
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How are the areas of study-evolution and classification-interlinked?
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Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with examples.
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Outline a project which aims to find the dominant coat colour in dogs.
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Explain the importance of fossils in deciding evolutionary relationships.
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What evidences do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter?
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Explain how sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual reproduction. How does this affect the evolution of those organisms that reproduce sexually?
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How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the progeny?
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Only variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism will survive in a population. Do you agree with this statement? Why or why not?
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If a trait ‘A’ exists in 10% of the population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait ‘B’ exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?
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How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival?
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How do Mendel's experiments show that traits may be dominant or recessive?
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How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits are inherited independently?
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A man with blood group ‘A’ married a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group 'O'. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits blood group A or O is dominant? Why or why not?
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How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?
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What are the different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population?
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Why are traits acquired during the life-time of an individual not inherited?
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Why are the small numbers of surviving tigers a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics?
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What factors could lead to the rise of a new species?
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Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self-pollinating plant species?
Why or why not?
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Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of an organism that reproduces asexually?
Why or why not?
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Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms?
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Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs? Why or why not?
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What are fossils? What do they tell us about the process of evolution?
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Why are human beings who look so different from each other in terms of size, colour and looks said to belong to the same species?
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In evolutionary terms, can we say which among bacteria, spiders, fish and chimpanzees have a ‘better’ body design?
Why or why not?
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question_answer30)
Exchange of genetic material takes place in
(a) vegetative reproduction (b)
asexual reproduction
(c) sexual reproduction (d)
budding
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question_answer31)
Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2
pink and 1white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be
(a) double fertilization (b) self pollination (c) cross fertilization (d)
no fertilization
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question_answer32)
A cross between a tall. plant (TT) and short pea plant (tt) resulted in progeny
that were all tall plants because
(a) tallness is the dominant trait (b)
shortness is the dominant trait
(c) tallness is the recessive trait (d)
height of pea plant is not governed by gene T' or 't'
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question_answer33)
Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) For every hormone there is a gene
(b) For every protein there is a gene
(c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene
(d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene
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question_answer34)
If a round, green seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with
wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant, (rr'YY) the seeds production in,
generation are
(a) round and yellow (b)
round and green
(c)wrinkled and green (d)
wrinkled and yellow
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question_answer35)
In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one.
This/these unpaired chromosome is/are
(i) large chromosome (ii) small chromosome
(iii) Y-chromosome (iv) X-chromosome
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (iii) only
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
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question_answer36)
The maleness of a child is determined by
(a) the X-chromosome in the zygote
(b) the Y-chromosome in zygote
(c) the cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex
(d) sex is determined by chance
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question_answer37)
A zygote which has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop
into a
(a) boy
(b) girl
(c) X-chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
(d) either boy or girl
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question_answer38)
Select the incorrect statement
(a) Frequency of certain genes in a population change over
several generations resulting in evolution
(b) Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation
is genetically controlled
(c) Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny
(d) Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause
evolution
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question_answer39)
New species may be formed if
(i) DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells.
(ii) chromosome number changes in the gamete.
(iii) there is no change in the genetic material
(iv) mating does not take place
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and
(iii) (c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and
(iii)
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question_answer40)
Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled
yellow (rrYY) seeds produce progeny
that have round, yellow(RrYy) seeds. When plants
are selfed, the progeny
will have new combination of characters. Choose the new combination from the following.
(i) Round, yellow (ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, yellow (iv) Wrinkled, green
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and
(iv) (c) (ii), and (iii) (d) (i) and (iii)
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question_answer41)
A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and
tomato.
Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?
(a) Carrot and potato (b) Carrot and tomato (c)
Radish and carrot (d) Radish and potato
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question_answer42)
Select the correct statement
(a) Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are
homologous
(b) Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are
analogous
(c) Wings of birds and limbs of lizards are analogous
(d) Wings of bird and wings of bat are homologous
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question_answer43)
If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of earth, then
we can predict that
(a) the extinction of organism has occurred recently
(b) the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of
years ago
(c) the fossil position in the layers of earth is not
related to its time of extinction
(d) time of extinction cannot be determined
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question_answer44)
Which of the following statements is not true with respect, to variation?
(a) All variations in a species have equal chance of
survival
(b) Change in genetic composition results in variation
(c) Selection of variants by environmental factors forms
the basis of evolutionary processes
(d) Variation is minimum in asexual reproduction
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question_answer45)
A trait in an organism is influenced by
(a) paternal DNA only (b)
maternal DNA only
(c) both maternal and paternal DNA. (d)
neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA
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question_answer46)
Select the group which shares maximum number of common
characters
(a) two individuals of a species (b)
two species of a genus
(c) two genera of a family (d)
two genera of two families
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question_answer47)
According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally
due to
(a) sudden creation by nature
(b) accumulation of variations over several generations
(c) clones formed during asexual reproduction
(d) movement of individuals from one habitat to another
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question_answer48)
From the list given below, select the character which can be acquired-but
not inherited
(a) colour of eye (b) colour of skin (c)
size of body (d) nature of hair
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question_answer49)
The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and
female gametes are situated on
(a) copies of the same chromosome (b)
two different chromosomes
(c) sex chromosomes (d)
any chromosome
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question_answer50)
Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes
(i) genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule
(ii) a gene does not code for proteins
(iii) in individuals of a given species, a specific gene
is located on a particular chromosome
(iv) each chromosome has only one gene
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and
(iii) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and
(iv)
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question_answer51)
In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The
ratio of pure tall plants to short plants in is
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 :
1 (c) 1 : 1 (d)
2 : 1
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question_answer52)
The number of pair(s) of sex, chromosomes in the zygote of humans is
(a) one (b) two (c)
three (d) four
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question_answer53)
The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by
(a) Mendel (b) Darwin (c)
Morgan (d) Lamarck
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question_answer54)
Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers
that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that
(a) reptiles have evolved from birds
(b) there is no evolutionary connection between reptiles
and birds
(c) feathers are homologous structures in both the
organisms
(d) birds have evolved from reptiles
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question_answer55)
How is the sex of a new born determined in humans?
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question_answer56)
Do genetic combination of mothers play a significant role in determining the
sex of a new born?
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question_answer57)
Mention three important features of fossils which help in the study of evolution.
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question_answer58)
Why do all the gametes formed in human females have an X-chromosome?
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question_answer59)
In human beings, the statistical probability of getting either a male or female
child is 50 : 50. Give a suitable explanation.
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question_answer60)
A very small population of a species faces a greater threat of extinction
than a larger population. Provide a suitable genetic explanation.
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question_answer61)
What are homologous structures? Given an example. Is it necessary that homologous
structures always have a common ancestor?
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question_answer62)
Does the occurrence of diversity of animals on earth suggest their diverse
ancestry also? Discuss this point in the light of evolution.
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question_answer63)
Give the pair of contrasting traits of the following
characters in pea plant and mention which is dominant and recessive
(i) yellow seed (ii) rounds seed
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question_answer64)
Why did Mendel choose pea plant for his experiments?
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question_answer65)
A woman has only daughters. Analyze the situation genetically and provide
a suitable explanation.
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question_answer66)
Does geographical isolation of individuals of a species lead to formation
of a new species? Provide a suitable explanation.
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question_answer67)
Bacteria have a simpler body plan when compared with human
beings. Does it mean that human beings are more evolved than bacteria?
Provide a suitable explanation.
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question_answer68)
All the human races like Africans, Asians, Europeans, Americans and others
might have evolved from a common ancestor. Provide a few evidences in support
of this view.
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question_answer69)
Differentiate between inherited and acquired characters. Give one example
for each type.
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question_answer70)
Give reasons why acquired characters are not inherited.
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question_answer71)
Evolution has exhibited a greater stability of molecular structure when compared
with morphological structures. Comment on the statement and justify your
opinion.
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question_answer72)
In the following crosses write the characteristics of the progeny
Cross
(a) RR YY x RR YY Round, yellow, Round, yellow
|
(b)RrYy x RrYy Round, yellow, Round, yellow
|
(c) rryy x rryy wrinkled, green, wrinkled, green
|
(d) RR YY x rryy Round, yellow, wrinkled, green
|
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question_answer73)
Study the following cross showing self pollination in . Fill in
the blank
Parents RRYY x rryy
Round, yellow Wrinkled,
green
?
RrYy x ?
Round yellow
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question_answer74)
In Question 44, what are the combination of characters in the progeny?
What are their ratios?
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question_answer75)
Give the basic features of the mechanism of inheritance.
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question_answer76)
Give reasons for the appearance of new combination of characters in the progeny
in question 45.
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