question_answer

Describe the organisational structure and working the U.N. Security Council.

Or

Describe any three new sources of threat of security.

Answer:

(1) Security Council is the main organ of United Nations Organisation (U.N.O.), which is mainly responsible for maintaining international peace and security among nations. The structure of the Security Council is composed of 15 members, of which 5 members are permanent and 10 members are elected by the General Assembly.

(2) Permanent members are UK, USA, Russia, France and China. If any permanent member casts ?VETO? to show disagreement, than no decision can be taken.

(3) Ten non-permanent members are elected by General Assembly for 2 years but they are not eligible for immediate re-election.

Working of the Security Council:

(1) To maintain international peace and security among nations.

(2) To establish friendly relations among various nations.

(3) In the event of threat to peace or occurrence of war between two or more countries, the Security Council has the power to take appropriate measures to restore peace and security.

Or

Three new sources of threat of security are:

(1) Terrorism: Terrorism refers to political violence that targets civilians deliberately and indiscriminately. Terrorist groups seek to change a political contest or conditions that they do not like, by threat or by force. 9/11 attack on World Trade Centre and Twin Towers in New York is the example of terrorism.

(2) Global Poverty: It is another source of threat to security. Presently, world population is 650 crores and is expected to reach 700-800 crores in next 25 years. Currently, half of the world?s population growth occurs in India, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Indonesia and other African countries. Among the poor countries the population is expected to get triple in next 50 years, whereas many countries will see population shrinkage in that period. High per capita income and low population growth make some countries rich whereas, low per capita income and high population growth make some countries poor. The gap between rich countries and poor countries is increasing year by year and hence, poor countries are feeling insecure with respect to rich countries.

(3) Health Epidemics: Such as HIV-AIDS, bird flu and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) are rapidly spreading across the countries through migration, tourism and military operations. These diseases leave their effect in other countries also.