Answer:
(i) As a social coalition: the Congress began as a party dominated by the English speaking, upper caste, upper middle, class and urban elite. But with every civil disobedience movement it launched, its social base widened. It brought together diverse groups, whose interests were often contradictory. Peasants and industrialists, urban dwellers and villagers, workers and owners, middle, lower and upper classes and castes, all found space in the Congress. (ii) As an ideological coalition: It accommodated the revolutionary and pacifist, conservative and radical, extremist and moderate and the right, left and all shades of the centre. The Congress was a ?platform? for numerous groups, interests and even political parties to take part in the national movement. In pro, Independence days, many organizations and parties with their own constitution and organizational structure were allowed to exist within the Congress.
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