question_answer

'The communal politics that started during the early decades of the 20th century was largely responsible for the partition of the country.' Examine the statement.

Or

'Partition of India had made nationalists fervently opposed to the idea of separate electroates.' Examine the statement.

 

Answer:

1. Separate electorates for Muslims were created by the colonial government in 1909 and expanded in 1919. It crucially shaped the nature of communal politics. Separate electorates meant that Muslims could now elect their own representatives in designated constituencies.

2. Working politicians used their own slogans and gathered in masses by distributing favours to their own religious groups.

3. There was active opposition and hostility between the communities.

4. In the 1920?s and early 1930?s, Muslims were angered by music played outside the mosque.

5. Cow protection movement by Arya Samaj brought back the people to the Hindu fold those who had recently converted to Islam.

6. Lucknow Pact of December 1916 was responsible for it.

7. Hindus were angered by the rapid spread of tablighi and tanzim after 1923.

8. Communal riots deepened the differences between the communities, creating disturbing memories of violence.

Or

Separate electoral was demanded for Muslims and was created by the colonial Government in 1909 and expaneded in 1919, crucially shaping the nature of communal politics as:

1. The leaders believed it indicated differences in faiths and believes.

2. It was a representation of active opposition and hostility between the communities.

3. It had a profound impact on Indian politics.

4. Communal identities were consolidated by a host of other developments in the early twentieth century.

5. Muslims were angered by the music playing outside the mosque.

6. Cow protection campaign by the Arya Samaj was an issue.

7. Middle class publicists and communal activists sought to build greater solidarity within their communities, mobilizing people against other communities.

8. Leaders were afraid that it was the symptom of partition.