Answer:
The physical extent of land on which crops are sown and harvested is known as net sown area. It represents the total area sown with crops. Area shown more than once in the same year is counted only once.
On the basis of adequacy of soil moisture during the cropping season the farming is divided into two categories i.e. dry land farming and wetland farming.
Characteristics of ?dry land farming?:
(i) It is largely confined to the regions having annual rainfall less than 75 cm.
(ii) These regions grow hardly drought resistant crops such as ragi, bajra, moong, gram and guar.
(iii) It uses various soil moisture conservation and rainwater harvesting techniques.
Characteristics of ?wetland farming?:
(i) It is largely confined to the regions where rainfall is in excess of the soil moisture requirement of plant during rainy season.
(ii) Such regions may face flood and soil erosion hazards.
(iii) These areas grow various water intensive crops such as rice, jute, and sugarcane and practice aquaculture in the fresh water bodies.
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