A) Mitochondria
B) Cytoplasm
C) Protoplasm
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
Mitochondrion is bound by two highly specialized membranes. The outer membrane is smooth and has many copies of a transport protein called porin. The inner membrane is impermeable and highly convoluted, forming a series of infoldings known as cristae, in the matrix space. The cristae of plant mitochondrion are tubular, while those of animal mitochondria are lamellar or plate like. Repeated units of stalked particles called elementary particles or oxysomes are attached to cristae. They are meant for ATP synthesis and also for ATP oxidation. The living contents of a cell, ie, the cytoplasm and nucleus are called protoplasm. The cytoplasm is distinguished into cytosol (colloidal organic fluid) and cytoplasmic structures (cytoplasmic inclusions and cytoplasmic organelles). Within the cytoplasm of most animal cells is an extensive network of membrane limited channels collectively called endoplasmic reticulum. It may be rough (presence of ribosomes) or smooth (absence of ribosomes). The smooth endoplasmic reticulum causes lipid metabolism, glycogenolysis and, drug detoxification, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum causes protein synthesis.
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