A) sodium
B) 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine
C) litmus paper
D) Tollens reagent
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
Key Idea: The reagent which is used to distinguish the substances should produce different results. For clue draw structure of both. \[\underset{\text{formic}\,\text{acid}}{\mathop{H-\overset{O}{\mathop{\overset{||}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,-OH}}\,\] \[\underset{\text{acetic}\,\text{acid}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}-\overset{O}{\mathop{\overset{||}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,-OH}}\,\] Formic acid has -CHO group so it gives all tests of aldehyde group and O^COOH does not give. \[\underset{\text{formic}\,\text{acid}}{\mathop{HCOOH}}\,+AgN{{O}_{3}}+N{{H}_{3}}\xrightarrow{{}}\] \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} \text{silver} \\ \text{mirror} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{Ag}}\,+C{{O}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}O\] \[C{{H}_{3}}COOH+AgN{{O}_{3}}+N{{H}_{3}}\xrightarrow{{}}\]No reaction acetic acid 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine test is given by carbonyl compounds.
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