question_answer

  Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.                                                                     (12) It is probable that illness and infection caused by food contaminated with bacteria which produce diseases have existed since the beginning of time. Drinking water can be made safe by treating itwith chlorine. Milk can be made safe by heating it and then packing it in the sterilized containers. But it is either very difficult or simply not possible to treat most of the things we eat, in either of these ways. Many food items, such as jam, pickles, drinks, etc. can be made safe by the use of preservatives. At homes, refrigerators are used to keep meals, fruits, etc., either to prevent bacteria from entering the food, or to stop them from growing after they have entered. For a long time, it was believed that some substances called ptomaine's were the agents of food poisoning but it was finally discovered that these ptomaine's, found in rotten food, can be swallowed without the harmful effects that follow it. In 1888, about 60 people, who had eaten meat from the same animal, were taken ill, and one man had died. Dr Gaertner, a German bacteriologist, was ableto isolate the food poisoning bacteria (Salmonella) which had caused the outbreak; and put forward the theory that all food poisoning was due to the presence of such bacteria. Food poisoning can prove fatal in many cases. What we can do is that we must be alert while taking food. We must also take care of hygiene.                                          A. Answer the following questions.                                                                                                                           (2 x 4 = 8) (i) How can food be made safe to eat? (ii) What was the belief held about ptomaine's? (iii) How can food poisoning be prevented? (iv) What conclusion did Dr Gaertner bring out? B. Tick the correct option.                                                                                                                            (1 x 4 = 4) (i) According to the passage which one of the following statements is not true? (a) Illness and infection are caused by contaminated food (b) Food is contaminated by bacteria which produces diseases (c) Food contamination is a new problem that people are facing              (d) Chlorine is used to clean drinking water (ii) Drinking water can be made safe by (a) treating it with chlorine                          (b) boiling (c) keeping it in refrigerator                        (d) covering it (iii) Salmonella is a (a) virus                                (b) good bacteria (c) food poisoning bacteria                          (d) worm (iv) For a long time,.......... were considered agents of food poisoning. (a) Salmonella                                                   (b) Ptomaine's (c) Lactobacillus                                                (d) Good bacteria

Answer:

  (a) (i) Food can be made safe by treating it with different things and ensuring its hygiene. For example, milkcan be made safe by heating it and then packing it in the sterilized containers. Drinking water can bemade safe by treating it with chlorine. Many food items like jam, pickles, drinks, etc can be made safeby the use of preservatives. (ii) For a long time, it was believed that some substances called ptomaine's were the agents of food poisoning. But it was later discovered that these ptomaine's, found in rotten food, can be swallowed without the harmful effects that follow it. (iii) If we remain alert and cautious about the hygiene of the food that we intake, then food poisoning can be prevented. Food poisoning happens when food contaminated by harmful bacteria is consumed. (iv) In 1888, about 60 people, who had eaten meat from the same animal, were taken ill and one man died. Dr Gaertner, a German bacteriologist was able to isolate the food poisoning bacteria (Salmonella) which had caused the outbreak; and put forward the theory that all food poisoning was due to the presence of such bacteria. (b) (i) (c) Food contamination is a new problem that people are facing. (ii) (a) treating it with chlorine. (iii) (c) food poisoning bacteria. (iv) (b) Ptomaines