A) profanation of alcohol molecule
B) formation of carbocation
C) elimination of water
D) formation of an ester
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
During dehydration of alcohols to alkenes by heating with conc. \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] the initiation step is protonation of alcohol molecule. \[-\underset{H}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,}}\,-\underset{OH}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,}}\,-\xrightarrow{{{H}^{+}}}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} \text{Protonated} \\ \text{alcohol} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\underset{H}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,}}\,-\underset{O{{H}_{2}}}{\mathop{\underset{|}{\mathop{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,}}\,}}\,\xrightarrow[-{{H}_{2}}O]{}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} Carbonium \\ ion \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{-\underset{|}{\mathop{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,-\underset{|}{\mathop{\overset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,-}}\,\xrightarrow[-{{H}^{+}}]{}\underset{alkene}{\mathop{>C=C<}}\,\]
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