| Consider the following statements regarding Environmental Sustainability Index: |
| 1. The Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) was a composite index published from 1999 to 2005 |
| 2. It was superseded by the Environmental Performance Index in 2006. |
| 3. The EPI has been published in 2006, 2008, and 2013. |
A) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B) 2 and 3 are correct
C) 1 and 2 are correct
D) 1 and 3 are correct
Correct Answer: C
Solution :
The Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) was a composite index published from 1999 to 2005 that tracked 21 elements of environmental sustainability covering natural resource endowments, past and present pollution levels, environmental management efforts, contributions to protection of the global commons, and a society's capacity to improve its environmental performance over time. It was superseded by the Environmental Performance Index in 2006. The ESI was published between 1999 to 2005 by Yale University's Centre for Environmental Law and Policy in collaboration with Columbia University's Centre for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), and the World Economic Forum. The Environmental Sustainability Index was developed to evaluate environmental sustainability relative to the paths of other countries. Due to a shift in focus by the teams developing the ESI, a new index was developed, the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) that uses outcome-oriented indicators, then working as a benchmark index that can be more easily used by policy makers, environmental scientists, advocates and the general public.
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