| (i) primitive atmosphere on the earth. |
| (ii) energy source at the time of origin of life. |
Answer:
(i) In 1953, Stanley-Miller and Harold-Urey performed an experiment to demonstrate the primitive atmosphere on the earth. Conditions similar to primitive, earth were created like high temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere at laboratory scale. A mixture of methane\[(C{{H}_{4}})\], ammonia\[(N{{H}_{3}})\], hydrogen\[({{H}_{2}})\]gas and water vapour\[{{H}_{2}}O\] was introduced in a flask at\[800{}^\circ C\]. UV radiations and electrical discharges were applied which resulted in formation of complex organic molecules like proteins and other components. (ii) The energy sources at the time of origin of life were complex organic molecules. A variety of amino acids, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, purines and pyrimidine?s, sugar and other organic compounds were present in primitive atmosphere. Due to lightning and radiations they formed complex molecules, ATP and polyphosphates which were the source of energy for origin of life and supporting components.
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