(i) Mention any two harmful effects caused by this increase in vehicles. |
(ii) What values are shown by Rohit? |
\[A\xrightarrow{P}B\xrightarrow{q}C\xrightarrow{r}D\] |
A mutant organism failed to survive on this medium, but grew well when nutrient C was added to it. |
(i) Which gene of this mutant organism is defective and what does such a condition indicate? |
(ii) Mention the major components and their functions in an operon. |
If in a crop field, you encounter infected potato plants, which method would you suggest to obtain virus free potato from them? Also explain the method. |
Or |
(i) People prefer packaged fruit juices over the home - made ones. Explain giving reason. |
(ii) How do lactic acid bacteria improve the nutritional quality of curd? |
(i) Explain the kind of interaction found between cuckoo (koel) and the crow, |
(ii) Differentiate between commensalism and amensalism. |
RNA is considered to be the first genetic material. Explain the statement. |
Or |
Discovery of lobefins is considered very significant by evolutionary biologists. Explain. |
(i) primitive atmosphere on the earth. |
(ii) energy source at the time of origin of life. |
(i) What do you understand by the term, 'antibiotics'? Which was the first antibiotic to be discovered? Name the microorganism from which it was extracted? |
(ii) List some important characteristics that a good antibiotic must possess. |
(i) Which government organisation will they approach to obtain clearance for its mass production? |
(ii) Why is such a body necessary? Give two reasons. |
(iii) What values are shown by Rajesh and his friend? |
(i) Following are the various diseases that infect humans. Name the causative agent and the symptoms of each alongwith their mode of infection. |
(a) Pneumonia |
(b) Amoebiasis |
(c) Filariasis |
(d) Dengue |
(ii) How do macrophages respond to the infections in human body? |
Or |
(i) Define the term 'mutation'. List few steps by which mutation breeding is carried out in an agricultural crop. |
(ii) Differentiate between outcrossing and cross-breeding. |
(i) Discuss two major models of determining population growth. |
(ii) Draw graphs and the related equations of both types of growth models. |
(iii) Which out of these two is the most realistic model of growth in nature and why? |
Or |
All organisms on earth including plants, animals, microbes cannot live in isolation, they instead interact in various ways to form their biological community. |
(i) What is protocooperation? Explain with example. |
(ii) Differentiate between predation and competition with suitable examples. |
(iii) Define parasitism with an example. |
(i) Why are primary oocytes important in human females? |
(ii) Differentiate between gametogenesis and embryogenesis. |
(iii) What is double fertilisation? |
Or |
How outbreeding devices ensure cross-pollination? Explain. |
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