Answer:
When a tuning fork is struck lightly against a rubber pad, it produces only fundamental tone. If it is struck forcefully, it produces overtones which soon die out. So a tuning fork can be used as a source of standard frequency. Factors on which the pitch of a tuning fork depends: (i) It is inversely proportional to the square of the length of its prongs. Thus \[v\propto \frac{1}{{{l}^{2}}}\] (ii) It is directly proportional to the thickness of the fork. \[v\propto b\] (iii) It is directly proportional to the square root of the Young's modulus of elasticity of its material. \[v\propto \sqrt{\Upsilon }\] (iv) It is inversely proportional to the square root of the density of its material. \[v\propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\rho }}\]. Hence low-frequency tuning forks are long and thin while high-frequency tuning forks are short and thick.
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