Answer:
Traditional ways of water conservation in India : (a) In western and central Himalaya regions, diversion channels 'Kuhls' were built to draw water from hill springs or streams. The length of the these channels varies from 1 to 15 km. (b) In Meghalaya, bamboo pipes were used to tap spring water for irrigation, which provided 20-50 drops of water per minute at the site of the plant. It functioned like drip irrigation. (c) 'Kunds' in Thar desert are covered with underground tanks with an artificially prepared catchment area to improve run-off. The structure is shaped like a bowl with a lid. (d) In Malabar area of Kerala a 'Surangam' is like a tunnel, dug through a laterite hillock from which water seeps out and collects. (e) The 'Ahar-Phyne' system of irrigation in Bihar. Ahars are rectangular catchment basis and the Phyne are channels built to utilise the water flowing from seasonal streams.
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