Answer:
To prevent environmental degradation caused by industries the following measures should be taken
(i) Reducing the use of water for processing by reusing and recycling at various stages.
(ii) Rainwater harvesting to meet the growing needs.
(iii) Proper treatment of hot water and effluents before discharging into rivers, etc. Industrial effluents can be treated at three stages. Primary treatment involves mechanical process .like screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation. Secondary treatment involves biological process. Tertiary treatment involves biological, chemical and physical processes.
(iv) Aerosal emissions can be reduced by the use of separators, scrubbers, niters, precipitators, etc.
(v) Selection of fuel and better maintenance of equipment.
(vi) Use of silencers.
(vii) Redesigning the machinery.
(viii) Shifting of industries away from cities.
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