Answer:
The mechanism of monsoons: (a) The different heating and cooling of land and water: At the end of May, due to high temperature, low pressure is created on the landmass of India while seas around experience comparatively high pressure. (b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ): In summer, over the Ganga plain, low pressure trough is positioned. The presence of high pressure area at \[20{}^\circ \] South over the Indian Ocean: The intensity and position of this high pressure of this Indian monsoon. The Tibetan Plateau gets intensely heated during summer which results in strong vertical air currents and formation of high pressure over the plateau at about 9 km above sea level. The movement of the westerly jet streams to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the tropical easterly jet streams over the Indian Peninsula during summer. This periodic change in pressure conditions is known as the Southern Oscillation or "SO".
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