JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Determinants & Matrices Question Bank Expansion of determinants, Solution of equation in the form of determinants and properties of determinants

  • question_answer
    If a, b and c are non zero numbers, then \[\Delta =\left| \,\begin{matrix}    {{b}^{2}}{{c}^{2}} & bc & b+c  \\    {{c}^{2}}{{a}^{2}} & ca & c+a  \\    {{a}^{2}}{{b}^{2}} & ab & a+b  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|\] is equal to  [AMU 1992; Karnataka CET 2000; 03]

    A) \[abc\]

    B) \[{{a}^{2}}{{b}^{2}}{{c}^{2}}\]

    C) \[ab+bc+ca\]

    D) None of these

    Correct Answer: D

    Solution :

    Multiplying \[\left| \,\begin{matrix}    1 & 4 & 9  \\    3 & 5 & 7  \\    5 & 7 & 9  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|\] by \[a,\,{{R}_{2}}\] by \[b\] and \[{{R}_{3}}\] by \[c,\] we have \[\Delta =\frac{1}{abc}\,\,\left| \,\begin{matrix}    a{{b}^{2}}{{c}^{2}} & abc & ab+ac  \\    {{a}^{2}}b{{c}^{2}} & abc & bc+ab  \\    {{a}^{2}}{{b}^{2}}c & abc & ac+bc  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|\]   = \[\frac{{{a}^{2}}{{b}^{2}}{{c}^{2}}}{abc}\,\left| \,\begin{matrix}    bc & 1 & ab+ac  \\    ac & 1 & bc+ab  \\    ab & 1 & ac+bc  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|\,=\,abc\,\left| \,\begin{matrix}    bc & 1 & \Sigma ab  \\    ac & 1 & \Sigma \,ab  \\    ab & 1 & \Sigma \,ab  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|\] {by \[{{C}_{3}}\to {{C}_{3}}+{{C}_{1}}\]} = \[abc.\Sigma \,ab\,\left| \,\begin{matrix}    bc & 1 & 1  \\    ca & 1 & 1  \\    ab & 1 & 1  \\ \end{matrix}\, \right|=0\],   [Since \[{{C}_{2}}\equiv {{C}_{3}}\]]. Trick : Put \[a=1,\,b=2,\,c=3\] and check it.


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