JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations Question Bank De Moivre's theorem and Roots of unity

  • question_answer
    If \[x=a+b,y=a\omega +b{{\omega }^{2}},z=a{{\omega }^{2}}+b\omega \],  then the value of \[{{x}^{3}}+{{y}^{3}}+{{z}^{3}}\] is equal to        [Roorkee 1977; IIT 1970]

    A) \[{{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}}\]

    B) \[3({{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}})\]

    C) \[3({{a}^{2}}+{{b}^{2}})\]

    D) None of these

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

    We have \[{{x}^{3}}+{{y}^{3}}+{{z}^{3}}={{(a+b)}^{3}}+{{(a\omega +b{{\omega }^{2}})}^{3}}+{{(a{{\omega }^{2}}+b\omega )}^{3}}\] \[=3{{a}^{3}}+3{{b}^{3}}+3({{a}^{2}}b+a{{b}^{2}})(1+{{\omega }^{2}}{{\omega }^{2}}+\omega {{\omega }^{4}})\] \[=3{{a}^{3}}+3{{b}^{3}}+3({{a}^{2}}b+a{{b}^{2}})(1+\omega +{{\omega }^{2}})\] \[=\]\[3({{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}})\] Trick: As in the previous question \[{{x}^{3}}+{{y}^{3}}+{{z}^{3}}={{(4)}^{3}}+{{(-2)}^{3}}+{{(-2)}^{3}}=48\]and (b) i.e. \[3({{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}})=48\]


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