JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations Question Bank De Moivre's theorem and Roots of unity

  • question_answer
    If \[x=a+b,y=a\alpha +b\beta \] and \[z=a\beta +b\alpha ,\] where \[\alpha \]and \[\beta \] are complex cube roots of unity, then \[xyz\] = [IIT 1978; Roorkee 1989; RPET 1997]

    A) \[{{a}^{2}}+{{b}^{2}}\]

    B) \[{{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}}\]

    C) \[{{a}^{3}}{{b}^{3}}\]

    D) \[{{a}^{3}}-{{b}^{3}}\]

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

    If \[x=a+b,y=a\alpha +b\beta \] and  \[z=\alpha \beta +b\alpha \] Then \[xyz=(a+b)(a\omega +b{{\omega }^{2}})(a{{\omega }^{2}}+b\omega ),\]where \[\alpha =\omega \] and \[\beta ={{\omega }^{2}}\] \[=(a+b)({{a}^{2}}+ab{{\omega }^{2}}+ab\omega +{{b}^{2}})\] \[=(a+b)({{a}^{2}}-ab+{{b}^{2}})={{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}}\] Trick: Put \[a=b=2\] then\[x=4,y=2(\omega +{{\omega }^{2}})=-2\]and \[z=2({{\omega }^{2}}+\omega )=-2\] \[\therefore \] \[xyz=4(-2)(-2)=16\]and (b) i.e. \[{{a}^{3}}+{{b}^{3}}=16\].


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