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question_answer1) Why do we have representative government in most democracies?
question_answer2) What is the mechanism of Elections behind choosing the representatives of a democratic country?
question_answer3) How are voters' choices fulfilled by Elections?
question_answer4) What choices do elections offer for choosing a political party?
question_answer5) What kind of competition is offered to the people for elections?
question_answer6) Give any two demerits of Electoral Competition.
question_answer7) Give any two merits of Electoral Competition.
question_answer8) How can political leaders be made accountable to the people?
question_answer9) How do political leaders try to win the hearts of the voters?
question_answer10) How does political competition help the leaders to serve the people?
question_answer11) How are general elections held in India?
question_answer12) What are By Elections?
question_answer13) What are Electoral Constituencies?
question_answer14) How many constituencies do we have for Lok Sabha?
question_answer15) What is an elected representative from the constituency is called?
question_answer16) What is an elected representative at the state level called as?
question_answer17) How are constituencies divided at the local level?
question_answer18) Why were 'Reserved Constituencies' created by the makers of the constitution?
question_answer19) How many seats are reserved for SC & ST in Lok Sabha?
question_answer20) How many seats are reserved for women at local bodies?
question_answer21) What is a Voters' List?
question_answer22) What is the principle of universal adult Franchise?
question_answer23) What is the Election Photo Identity Card System?
question_answer24) What is a party ticket?
question_answer25) How does a person file nomination papers?
question_answer26) What are the legal declarations of a party candidate?
question_answer27) Why has personal information of a candidate to be made public?
question_answer28) Why are election campaigns needed?
question_answer29) What is the time period of campaigning for elections?
question_answer30) How are voters contacted during campaigning?
question_answer31) What is a ballot paper?
question_answer32) What is a 'polling booth'?
question_answer33) What is EVM?
question_answer34) How is a vote caste on EVM?
question_answer35) What do you know about 'Election Commission'?
question_answer36) How is the Chief Election Commissioner appointed?
question_answer37) What do you mean by 'Turn out'.
question_answer38) Why do common people in India attach a lot of importance to elections?
question_answer39) Are elections in India 'free and fair'?
question_answer40) Give any one challenge of Indian Elections.
question_answer41) What is 'booth capturing'?
question_answer42) What choices are given to a voter during elections?
question_answer43) What forms does political competition take during elections?
question_answer44) How does electoral competition help the political parties and leaders to win the elections?
question_answer45) What is the 'Voters' List'?
question_answer46) How does the principle of 'Universal Adult Franchise' work in the Indian democracy?
question_answer47) What legal declaration is required to be submitted by each candidate who wishes to contest an election?
question_answer48) What is an Election Commission? Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner and how can he/she be removed?
question_answer49) What is an Election Commission? What is its role in the elections?
question_answer50) What is the outcome of free and fair elections held in India?
question_answer51) Mention any three powers and functions of the Election Commission of India.
question_answer52) How do general elections differ from by-elections?
question_answer53) How are constituencies for Lok Sabha decided by the Election Commission?
question_answer54) How is division of constituencies done at the state level?
question_answer55) How has reservation system been extended to other weaker sections?
question_answer56) What do you know about voter's ID card?
question_answer57) Do people have real choice in a democratic election?
question_answer58) In what manner does the Election Commission monitor the election campaign?
question_answer59) What is a Model Code of Conduct for election campaigns?
question_answer60) How can we check the quality of the election process?
question_answer61) How are results declared after an election in our country?
question_answer62) What does turnout figure indicate?
question_answer63) Is it true that the interest of voters is increasing day by day in election- related activities?
question_answer64) In what way does the outcome of elections matter to the people?
question_answer65) How can you say that elections in India are free, fair and democratic?
question_answer66) What does booth capturing and rigging mean in the elections?
question_answer67) What are the minimum conditions for a democratic election?
question_answer68) What are the merits and demerits of an electoral competition?
question_answer69) How are elections held in India?
question_answer70) Why were 'reserved constituencies' devised for the weaker sections by the makers of the Indian constitution?
question_answer71) How was the system of 'reserved constituencies' introduced for the SCs and STs?
question_answer72) How does a party file a nomination for its candidate?
question_answer73) How is campaigning done for elections held in India?
question_answer74) Write some of the successful slogans given by different political parties in various elections.
question_answer75) What election laws are made for campaigning?
question_answer76) How are 'polls' conducted in India?
question_answer77) How are votes counted after the polls?
question_answer78) Who organises the election procedure in India?
question_answer79) What powers are exercised by the Election Commission of India?
question_answer80) How is the 'voter turnout' in India measured?
question_answer81) What are the challenges to free and fair elections in India?
question_answer82) Which section of our country's population is eligible to vote?
question_answer83) Do you think that elections promote democracy?
question_answer84) How far is it good to have political competition? Give reasons.
question_answer85) You visited an electoral booth and viewed malpractices being used to win the election. Can these malpractices be stopped? Give reasons.
question_answer86) Identify the reasons which make India a successful democracy in the world.
question_answer87) Who amongst the following constitute an important segment of the food insecure population? (a) SCs and STs with poor land base (b) The people affected by natural disaster (c) OBCs with low land productivity (d) All the above
question_answer88) For the purpose of elections, the country is divided into different areas called (a) states (b) districts (c) constituencies (d) none of these
question_answer89) Like constituencies, each village or town is divided into (a) panchayats (b) blocks (c) wards (d) grams
question_answer90) How many seats are reserved for women candidates in the rural and urban local bodies? (a) Two-third of the seats (b) One-third of the seats (c) One-fourth of the seats (d) Three-fourth of the seats
question_answer91) Political parties nominate their candidates and the party's nomination is called (a) partisanship (b) party ticket (c) party nomination (d) party's nominee
question_answer92) 'Land to the Tiller' was the famous slogan used by (a) Left Front (b) Congress party (c) Telugu Desam Party (d) none of these
question_answer93) What is general election ?
question_answer94) Is the Election Commission of India an independent or an advisory body?
question_answer95) Who is responsible for the appointment of Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) of India?
question_answer96) What is the age of a person who can contest election for Lok Sabha in India?
question_answer97) On which day is the Voters' Day celebrated?
question_answer98) Who appoints Chief Electoral Officer?
question_answer99) What is official name of voters' list?
question_answer100) How many seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs) in the Lok Sabha?
question_answer101) What is Code of Conduct for election?
question_answer102) What does the term rigging mean?
question_answer103) When does the by-election occur?
question_answer104) What is the number of Lok Sabha constituencies at present?
question_answer105) What is 'Defection?
question_answer106) What is two-party system?
question_answer107) What do you mean by voters?
question_answer108) What is mid-term election ?
question_answer109) What is election petition?
question_answer110) Which is the largest Legislative Assembly in India?
question_answer111) What is the motive behind reserved constituencies?
question_answer112) Which party gave the slogan 'Garibi Hatao'?
question_answer113) Who used the slogan of 'Land to the Tiller'?
question_answer114) Which states have more than 30 Lok Sabha constituencies?
question_answer115) Why do some states have a large number of constituencies?
question_answer116) What is a Democratic Election ?
question_answer117) Like in Panchayats should we not have at least one-third seats in the Parliament and Assemblies reserved for women?
question_answer118) (a) What is ballot paper? (b) Name the machine by which these papers have been replaced. (c) Why is there no educational qualification required for the candidates for contesting election?
question_answer119) "During elections many political parties and candidates take resort to illegal means to win." In the light of above statement, name the values and rights that are ignored.
question_answer120) "One final test of the free and fairness of election lies in the outcome itself". Justify the statement with the help of the outcomes of India's elections.
question_answer121) Highlight any three issues which bring many limitations and challenges of Indian elections to our attention.
question_answer122) We have seen why democracies need to have elections. But why do rulers in non-democratic countries need to hold elections?
question_answer123) Why are the candidates required to give a detailed statement of their property ?
question_answer124) What makes an election democratic?
question_answer125) Mention any two provisions which ensure the independency of the Election Commission.
question_answer126) (a) What is Election Manifesto? (b) What is Election Symbol?
question_answer127) In our country, all the citizens aged 18 years and above can vote in an election. Every citizen has the right to vote, regardless of his or her caste, religion or gender. Some criminals and persons with unsound mind can be denied the right to vote, but only in rare situations. It is the responsibility of the government to get the names of all the eligible voters put on the voters' list. Read the passage and answer the following questions (a) Which fundamental political right is talked about in the passage? (b) Who are denied from casting their vote in rare situations? (c) What values you have learnt from the above passage?
question_answer128) How has the interest of the voters in the election-related activities increased in recent years in India?
question_answer129) (a) What is the importance of the election campaign? (b) Which values should contestants keep in mind during election campaign
question_answer130) Here are some facts on Indian elections. Comment on each of these to say whether they reflect the strength or the weakness of our electoral system. The Lok Sabha has always had less than 10% women members. The Election Commission often refuses to accept the government's advice about when the elections should be held. (c) The current Lok Sabha has more than 145 members whose assets are more than Rs. 1 crore. After losing an election the Chief Minister said. 'I respect the people verdict'.
question_answer131) Surekha is an officer incharge of ensuring free and fair elections in an Assembly constituency in a state. Describe what should she focus on for each of the following stages of election. Election Campaign (b) Polling Day (c) Counting Day
question_answer132) What is a Universal Adult Franchise? Why has it been adopted in India ?
question_answer133) Here are some reports of malpractices in Indian elections. Identify what the problem in each case is. What should be done to correct the situation? Following the announcement of elections, the minister promised to provide financial aid to reopen the closed sugar mill. Opposition parties alleged that their statements and campaign was not given due attention in Doordarshan and All India Radio. An inquiry by the Election Commission showed that electoral rolls of a state contain name of 20 lakh fake voters. The hoodlums of a political party were moving with guns, physically preventing supporters of other political parties to meet the voters and attacking meetings of other parties.
question_answer134) How does our election law regulate campaigns?
question_answer135) (a) What is Reserved Constituencies? Why do we have this system in our country? What values of our Constitution makers is highlighted in creating this policy?
question_answer136) Can we draw the following conclusions from the information given in this chapter? Give two facts to support your position for each of these. Election Commission of India does not have enough powers to conduct free and fair elections in the country. There is a high level of popular participation in the elections in our country. It is very easy for the party in power to win an election. Many reforms are needed to make our elections completely free and fair.
question_answer137) Ramesh was not in class when this chapter was being taught. He came the next day and repeated what he had heard from his father. Can you tell Ramesh what is wrong with these statements? Women always vote the way men tell them to. So, what is the point of giving them the right to vote? Party politics creates tension in society. Elections should be decided by consensus not by competition. Only graduates should be allowed to stand as candidates for elections.
question_answer138) Here are some reports of electoral malpractices from different parts of the world. Is there anything that these countries can learn from India to improve their elections? What would you suggest in each case? During an election in Nigeria, the officer incharge of counting votes deliberately increased the votes of one candidate and declared him elected. The court later found out that more than 5 lakh votes cast for one candidate were counted in favour of another. Just before elections in Fiji, a pamphlet was distributed warning voters that a vote for former Prime Minister, Mahendra Chaudhary will lead to bloodshed. This was a threat to voters of Indian origin. In the US, each state has its own method of voting, its own procedure of counting and its own authority for conducting elections. Authorities in the state of Florida took many controversial decisions that favoured Mr Bush in the Presidential elections in 2000. But no one could change those decisions.
question_answer139) Read the above headlines carefully and identify which powers are used by the Election Commission in each instance to ensure free and fair elections.
question_answer140) (a) Right (b) Wrong (c) Wrong (d) Inadequate information (e) Wrong (f) Inadequate information
question_answer141) Principles Features of Election System (i) Universal Adult Franchise Everyone who is 18 years of age or older has a right to vote (ii) Representation of Weaker Sections Reservation of seats for the SCs and the STs (iii) Open Political Competition Anyone can form a party or contest elections (iv) One Vote-One Value Each constituency has roughly the same population
question_answer142) Party agents are present in the polling booth to ensure that the voting takes place in a fair way and the rival candidates are not able to adopt any unfair practices. They are also present in the counting centres to ensure that the counting is done properly without any unfair me
question_answer143) (a) (i) She should ensure that every political party and candidate gets free and fair chance. (ii) No one uses government resources for election campaign (iii) None of the candidates spends more money that specified. (b) (i) Identification of voters is properly checked. (ii) Candidate or party does not force any voter. (iii) Mark is applied on each voters' finger. (iv) EVMs are sealed properly (c) (i) All EVMs are opened and votes are counted. (ii) Counting is done properly.
question_answer144) Yes, booth capturing often takes place in this visible form. Booths are captured by the political parties before the voters reach there. There are less visible ways of booth capturing also. Sometimes, booths are captured by political parties with the help of election officials to cast bogus votes.
question_answer145) (a) Unfair electoral practice (b) Fair electoral practice (c) Unfair electoral practice (d) Unfair electoral practice
question_answer146) The Election Commission in India is very powerful so that it is able to perform its functions efficiently in a proper manner. This is good for democracy. Because only a powerful and independent Election Commission can ensure free and fair elections by preventing malpractice and unfair means in the elections.
question_answer147) Family politics or Dynastic politics is not a new phenomenon in Indian politics, but it has become an increasingly wide reaching one in recent times. It is more or less found in each and every state and party in India. Almost every political party in India has leaders whose sons and daughters have entered politics, most of them without much political experience.
question_answer148) This decision of the court preventing Chinappa and Satbir from contesting elections does not go against the principles of democratic elections because both have been found guilty of breaking the law, by the court. Criminals should not be allowed to hold position of power because they are not good citizens and could harm interests of the people.
question_answer149) During elections most of the leaders make many big promises to the people (voters) to win their support and vote. However, after the elections, the political leaders forget their promises and most of them do not fulfil their election promises.
question_answer150) (A) It is necessary to keep the voters list up to date because (IV) Some people may have moved from the area where they voted last (B) Some constituencies are reserved for SCs and STs so that (i) There is fair representation of all section of our society (C) Everyone has one and only one vote so that (ii) Everyone has equal opportunity to elect their representatives (D) Party in power is not allowed to use government vehicles because (iii) All candidates have a fair chance of competing in elections
question_answer151) Based on the figures given in the table it is clear that Blacks and Hispanics have much less representation than their population in the US Congress. Therefore, to give them proper representation, reservation should be provided to them.
question_answer152) The following list contains the different election related activities of the electoral process, beginning with the first activity and ending with the last (i) Making of voters list (ii) Announcing of election schedule (iii) Filling of nomination (iv) Releasing election manifestos (v) Election campaign (vi) Casting of votes (vii) Ordering of re-poll (viii) Counting of votes (ix) Declaration of election results
question_answer153) The examiners in this case are the voters, who give them marks in the form of votes.
question_answer154) (c) Elections enable people to evaluate the performance of the judiciary
question_answer155) (a) India has the largest number of voters in the world.
question_answer156) (a) No, this conclusion is wrong because the Election Commission is indeed powerful enough to ensure free and fair elections. The Election Commission has complete control over all the functionaries connected with the conduct of elections. It can order repoll if there is report of rigging. (b) This conclusion is right. Nowadays the people are more aware and more and more people have started to cast their vote and the voting percentage has gone up. Ruling parties often lose elections due to change in voting preference by the people. (c) This is a wrong conclusion, because the party in power often lose elections. It is always the anti-incumbency factor working against it. (d) This conclusion is right. Though the role of money and muscle power has been reduced but there is still need to control it further. Because some politicians and political parties are still able to take advantage of money power in elections. Many candidates with criminal records use muscle power to threaten and terrorise other candidates and voters which needs to be checked.
question_answer157) (a) Right (b) Wrong (c) Wrong (d) Inadequate information (e) Wrong (f) Inadequate information
question_answer158) Principles Features of Election System (i) Universal Adult Franchise Everyone who is 18 years of age or older has a right to vote (ii) Representation of Weaker Sections Reservation of seats for the SCs and the STs (iii) Open Political Competition Anyone can form a party or contest elections (iv) One Vote-One Value Each constituency has roughly the same population
question_answer159) Party agents are present in the polling booth to ensure that the voting takes place in a fair way and the rival candidates are not able to adopt any unfair practices. They are also present in the counting centres to ensure that the counting is done properly without any unfair me
question_answer160) (a) (i) She should ensure that every political party and candidate gets free and fair chance. (ii) No one uses government resources for election campaign (iii) None of the candidates spends more money that specified. (b) (i) Identification of voters is properly checked. (ii) Candidate or party does not force any voter. (iii) Mark is applied on each voters' finger. (iv) EVMs are sealed properly (c) (i) All EVMs are opened and votes are counted. (ii) Counting is done properly.
question_answer161) Yes, booth capturing often takes place in this visible form. Booths are captured by the political parties before the voters reach there. There are less visible ways of booth capturing also. Sometimes, booths are captured by political parties with the help of election officials to cast bogus votes.
question_answer162) (a) Unfair electoral practice (b) Fair electoral practice (c) Unfair electoral practice (d) Unfair electoral practice
question_answer163) The Election Commission in India is very powerful so that it is able to perform its functions efficiently in a proper manner. This is good for democracy. Because only a powerful and independent Election Commission can ensure free and fair elections by preventing malpractice and unfair means in the elections.
question_answer164) Family politics or Dynastic politics is not a new phenomenon in Indian politics, but it has become an increasingly wide reaching one in recent times. It is more or less found in each and every state and party in India. Almost every political party in India has leaders whose sons and daughters have entered politics, most of them without much political experience.
question_answer165) This decision of the court preventing Chinappa and Satbir from contesting elections does not go against the principles of democratic elections because both have been found guilty of breaking the law, by the court. Criminals should not be allowed to hold position of power because they are not good citizens and could harm interests of the people.
question_answer166) During elections most of the leaders make many big promises to the people (voters) to win their support and vote. However, after the elections, the political leaders forget their promises and most of them do not fulfil their election promises.
question_answer167) (A) It is necessary to keep the voters list up to date because (IV) Some people may have moved from the area where they voted last (B) Some constituencies are reserved for SCs and STs so that (i) There is fair representation of all section of our society (C) Everyone has one and only one vote so that (ii) Everyone has equal opportunity to elect their representatives (D) Party in power is not allowed to use government vehicles because (iii) All candidates have a fair chance of competing in elections
question_answer168) Based on the figures given in the table it is clear that Blacks and Hispanics have much less representation than their population in the US Congress. Therefore, to give them proper representation, reservation should be provided to them.
question_answer169) The following list contains the different election related activities of the electoral process, beginning with the first activity and ending with the last (i) Making of voters list (ii) Announcing of election schedule (iii) Filling of nomination (iv) Releasing election manifestos (v) Election campaign (vi) Casting of votes (vii) Ordering of re-poll (viii) Counting of votes (ix) Declaration of election results
question_answer170) The examiners in this case are the voters, who give them marks in the form of votes.
question_answer171) (c) Elections enable people to evaluate the performance of the judiciary
question_answer172) (a) India has the largest number of voters in the world.
question_answer173) (a) No, this conclusion is wrong because the Election Commission is indeed powerful enough to ensure free and fair elections. The Election Commission has complete control over all the functionaries connected with the conduct of elections. It can order repoll if there is report of rigging. (b) This conclusion is right. Nowadays the people are more aware and more and more people have started to cast their vote and the voting percentage has gone up. Ruling parties often lose elections due to change in voting preference by the people. (c) This is a wrong conclusion, because the party in power often lose elections. It is always the anti-incumbency factor working against it. (d) This conclusion is right. Though the role of money and muscle power has been reduced but there is still need to control it further. Because some politicians and political parties are still able to take advantage of money power in elections. Many candidates with criminal records use muscle power to threaten and terrorise other candidates and voters which needs to be checked.
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