Answer:
A primary amine can be identified by
carbyl amine reaction in which the amine is warmed with chloroform and alcoholic
KOH solution. As a result, a carbylamine or isocyanide is formed which has an
extremely unpleasant smell.
\[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\text{Primary}\,\,\text{amine} \\
\text{(R}\,\text{=}\,\text{alkyl}\,\,\text{or}\,\,\text{phenyl)}
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{RN{{H}_{2}}}}\,\,+CHC{{l}_{3}}+3\,KOH(\text{alc})\xrightarrow{\,}\]\[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\text{Isocyanide} \\
\text{(Pungent}\,\,\text{smell)}
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{RN\underset{\to }{\mathop{=}}\,C\,+3KCl+3{{H}_{2}}O}}\,\]
The reaction is not given by secondary
or tertiary amines.
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