question_answer

Give the product of reaction of ethyl alcohol with conc.\[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] at (a) 0°C (b) room temperature (c) 130°C  (d) \[{{180}^{\text{o}}}C\].

Answer:

                (a) \[{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}\underset{\centerdot \,\,\centerdot }{\overset{\centerdot \,\,\centerdot }{\mathop{O}}}\,H+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\,\xrightarrow{{{0}^{\text{o}}}C}\,\underset{\,\,\text{Ethyloxonium}\,\text{hydrogensulphate}}{\mathop{({{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}                 | \\                 H \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\oplus }{\mathop{O}}}\,H)HSO_{4}^{-}}}\,\] (b)\[{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}OH+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\,\xrightarrow[\text{temperature}]{\text{Room}}\,\underset{\,\,\text{Ethylhydrogensulphate}}{\mathop{{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}HSO_{4}^{{}}+{{H}_{2}}O}}\,\] (c) (d) \[H-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  H \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}  H \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{C}}}\,-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  OH \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}  H \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{C}}}\,-H\xrightarrow[{{180}^{\text{o}}}]{({{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}})}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}   \\    \\  \text{Ethylene} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}=C{{H}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}O}}\,\]