Answer:
The size of carbon atom is very
small and its ionisation enthalpy is also quite high. To form\[{{C}^{4+}}\]
ion, carbon atom has topart with all the four valence electrons. Similarly, to
form\[{{C}^{4-}}\] ion, it has to accept four electrons. Both are not energetically
favoured due to high energy involved. As a result, the compounds of carbon are
covalent in which carbon completes its octet as a result of electron sharing.
Lead, the last member of the family has minimum ionisation enthalpy. Therefore,
it is comparatively easy for the element to lose its valence electrons and to
form ionic compound. The compounds involving \[P{{b}^{2+}}\] ion are mostly
ionic in nature.
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