question_answer

Classify each of the following substances into an acid or base or both and mention the concept/concepts on the basis of which you can do so.                 (i) \[HCl\,(aq)\]                 (ii) \[N{{H}_{3}}\,(g)\] (iii) \[N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\,(aq)\]            (iv) \[C{{H}_{3}}COOH\,(aq)\] (v) \[C{{O}_{2}}(g)\]                       (vi)\[B{{F}_{3}}\] (vii) \[A{{g}^{+}}\]                           (viii) \[C{{N}^{-}}\] (ix) \[{{H}_{2}}O\]                            (x) \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] (xi) \[HCO_{3}^{-}\]                        (xii) \[Si{{F}_{4}}\]

Answer:

                (i) \[HCl\,(aq)\] ? Acid (Arrhenius concept and Bronsted - Lowry concept) (ii) \[N{{H}_{3}}\,(g)\] ? Base (Bronsted concept and Lewis concept) (iii) \[N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\,(aq)\] ? Base (Bronsted concept) (iv) \[C{{H}_{3}}COOH\,(aq)\] ? Acid (Arrhenius concept and Bronsted concept) (v) \[C{{O}_{2}}(g)\] ? Acid (Bronsted concept and Lewis concept) (vi) \[B{{F}_{3}}\] ? Acid (Lewis concept) (vii)\[A{{g}^{+}}\] ? Acid (Lewis concept) (viii) \[C{{N}^{-}}\] ? Base (Lewis concept) (ix) \[{{H}_{2}}O\] ? Both acid and base, i.e., amphoterric (Bronsted concept) (x) \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] ? Both acid and base, i.e., amphoterric (Bronsted concept) (xi) \[HCO_{3}^{-}\]? Both acid and base, i.e., amphoteric (Bronsted concept) (xii) \[Si{{F}_{4}}\]? Acid (Lewis concept), as silicon can expand its octet (Refer to page 7/107).