Answer:
This mixture can be separated into
its constituents by the following steps:
Step 1. Pass the mixture of gases
through Tollens' reagent when acetylene will form white precipitate of disilver
acetylide while ethane and ethylene will pass through.
\[\underset{Acetylene}{\mathop{HC\equiv
CH}}\,+\underset{Tollens'\,reagent}{\mathop{2\,{{[Ag{{(N{{H}_{3}})}_{2}}]}^{+}}O{{H}^{-}}}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underset{Disilver\,acetylide}{\mathop{Ag-C\equiv
C-Ag}}\,+4\,N{{H}_{3}}+2\,{{H}_{2}}O\]
Separate the white ppt. by
filtration and treat it with dil. \[HN{{O}_{3}}\] to regenerate acetylene.
Collect it in a separate container.
\[Ag-C\equiv C-Ag+2\,HN{{O}_{3}}\xrightarrow{{}}HC\equiv
CH+2\,AgN{{O}_{3}}\]
Step 2. Pass the remaining
mixture of ethane and ethylene through cold conc. \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\]when
ethylene will be absorbed as ethyl hydrogen sulphate while ethane escapes. The
ethane thus obtained is collected in a separate container.
\[\underset{\text{Ethylene}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}=C{{H}_{2}}}}\,+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\,(conc.)\xrightarrow{\,}\]\[\underset{\text{Ethyl}\,\,\text{hydrogen}\,\text{sulphate}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}OS{{O}_{2}}OH}}\,\]
The ethyl hydrogen sulphate thus obtained
is heated with conc. \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] to 433 - 443 K when ethylene is obtained
which is collected in a separate container
\[C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}OS{{O}_{3}}H\xrightarrow{433-443K}\,C{{H}_{2}}=C{{H}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\]
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