question_answer

An alkane with molecular formula \[{{C}_{7}}{{H}_{16}}\]  forms four monochloro products when heated with chlorine in the presence of ultra violet radiations. Give the structure of the alkane and also of the products. Write their IUPAC names as well.

Answer:

                The alkane which gives four isomeric monochloro products is 2,2-dimethylpentane. Since there are four types of carbon atoms present, there are four isomeric products. The products are given ahead. \[\underset{2,2-\text{Dimethylpentane}\,({{C}_{7}}{{H}_{16}})}{\mathop{\overset{1{}^\circ }{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}-\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}  1{}^\circ  \\  C{{H}_{3}}  \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  {}^{1{}^\circ }C{{H}_{3}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{}^{4{}^\circ }C}}\,}}\,-\overset{3{}^\circ }{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\overset{2{}^\circ }{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\overset{1{}^\circ }{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}}}\,\,\xrightarrow[hv]{C{{l}_{2}}}\]        \[Cl-\underset{1-\text{Chloro}-2,\,\,2-\text{dimethylpentane}}{\mathop{\overset{1}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}   \\  C{{H}_{3}}  \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  {}^{{}}C{{H}_{3}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{}^{2}C}}\,}}\,-\overset{3}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\overset{4}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\overset{5}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}+}}\,\,\] \[\underset{\text{5-Chloro-2,}\,\text{2}\,\text{dimethylpentane}}{\mathop{\overset{1}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  C{{H}_{3}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}  C{{H}_{3}} \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\overset{2}{\mathop{C}}\,}}}\,-\overset{3}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\overset{4}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\overset{5}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}Cl}}\,+\]\[\underset{\text{4-Chloro-2,}\,\text{2}\,\text{dimethylpentane}}{\mathop{\overset{1}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  C{{H}_{3}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}  C{{H}_{3}} \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\overset{2}{\mathop{C}}\,}}}\,-\overset{3}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  Cl \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\overset{4}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,H-\overset{5}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}}}\,+\]\[\underset{\text{3-Chloro-2,}\,\text{2}\,\text{dimethylpentane}}{\mathop{\overset{1}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  C{{H}_{3}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}  C{{H}_{3}} \\  | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\overset{2}{\mathop{C}}\,}}}\,-\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  | \\  Cl \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{\overset{3}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,H-\overset{4}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{2}}}}\,-\overset{5}{\mathop{C}}\,{{H}_{3}}\]