Answer:
The electronic configurations of the
elements are:
\[K(Z=19):\,\,{{[Ar]}^{18}}\,4{{s}^{1}};\,\,\,Mg(z=12):\,\,{{[Ne]}^{10}}\,3{{s}^{2}}\]
\[C(Z=6)\,:\,\,{{[He]}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{6}};\,N(Z=7)\]\[:\,\,{{[He]}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}\,2{{p}^{3}}.\]
The element K is expected to show the
maximum difference in \[{{\Delta }_{i}}{{H}_{1}}\] and \[{{\Delta
}_{i}}{{H}_{2}}\] values. Actually, when its atom loses one electron; the
cation left has the noble gas configuration. The removal of the second electron
from the ion requires very high ionization enthalpy \[({{\Delta
}_{i}}{{H}_{2}})\].
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