Answer:
(i)
Our Constitution declared India as a Union of States. It originally provided a
two-tier system (at the Centre and State level) but later in 1992 a third tier
of local government was adopted.
(ii) The powers are decided into three
levels by the Union List, State List and the Concurrent List respectively.
(iii) The Union List includes 97 subjects
in which defence, foreign affairs, banking, etc. are included. These subjects
are of national value. So they are looked after by the Union government and it only
legislates on these subjects.
(iv) The State List includes 66 subjects
like police, agriculture, trade and commerce, etc. These subjects are allotted
to all the state governments of India that can legislate on them.
(v) The Concurrent List includes subjects of
common interest between the Centre and the State like education, forests,
marriage, divorce, etc. Both the Union as well as the State Governments can
make laws on these subjects but Central Government has an upper hand.
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