9th Class Social Science India - Size and Location Important Terms and Concepts India - Size and Location

IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTS

1. Standard Meridian. Longitude which passes, approximately centrally through a country and is used to record local standard time.
2. Sub-continent. A big piece of land separated from the main continent by a bold land barrier.
3. South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. It is an association of seven South Asian Nations—India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Maldives.
4. Tropic of Cancer. North latitude. Rays of sun fall vertically on it on 21st June.
5. Tropic of Capricorn. South latitude. Rays of sun fall vertically on it on 22nd December.
6. latitude. It divides the earth into two equal parts, northern and southern hemispheres.
7. Half a sphere. The earth is divided into the northern and southern hemispheres by an equator.
8. It is the angular distance, north or south from the equator, of a point on the earth's surface. The equator is, and points can therefore be measured in degrees, south or north of this line. The imaginary lines drawn on a map or globe are the lines of longitude.
9. It is the angular distance of a point measured on the earth's surface to the east or west of a 'central' reference point. The reference point in this case is the plane created by a meridian going through Greenwich in England. It is Meridian.
10. A piece of land which is surrounded by water on two sides. It is connected to the rest of the land mass by a narrow neck of land, e.g., Indian Peninsular and Malaysian Peninsula.
11. A piece of land surrounded by seas on all sides, e.g., Sri lanka, Lakshadweep.
12. Tropical Zone. The earth's surface between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
13. Sub-Tropical Zone. The term used to describe those zones near to but outside the tropics.

They stretch from the Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn to  north or south of the Equator.

14. A narrow stretch of sea linking two large seas, e.g., Pal strait, English channel.
15. Greenwich Meridian. An imaginary circle that cuts the poles and goes over the earth's surface through Greenwich in England, it is numbered as It was based on Greenwich observatory near London. There is a time difference of one hour when travelling  East or West from Greenwich Meridian. ( Prime Meridian)