8th Class Science Conservation of Plants and Animals Conservation of Resources

       Conservation of Resources

The large scale deforestation has adverse effect on our environment. It had led to ecological imbalance and has destroyed the natural habitat of the animals, there by posing threat to their existence. The large scale killing of wild animals by hunters and poachers has disturbed the food chain in our ecosystem. We, therefore need to conserve these endangered species from being extinct, and maintain the ecological balance. The steps taken for the conservation of wild life:

(i) The relentless cutting of tree is strictly prohibited to stop the depletion of forest. Cutting of forest is punishable by law.

(ii) The natural habitats of animals are preserved in the form of national park and wild life sanctuaries.

(iii) There is strict law on hunting and poachers. Killing of animals is considered as a criminal offence.

The biosphere reserve is therefore, the conservation of forests and species of plants.

            Biosphere Reserve

It is a large area of protected land for the conservation of wildlife, biodiversity and traditional life style of the people inhabiting the area. It is divided into three zones:

(i) Core zone

(ii) Buffer zone

(iii) Transition zone

The innermost zone of the reserve is known as core zone. It is mainly for the protection of wildlife, and no human activity is allowed in this zone. The middle zone is known as the buffer zone, in which limited humane activity is allowed. For example,research, environmental education and tourism. The outermost zone is known as the transition zone. In this zone, various human activities is carried out, such as, farming, housing, settlements, etc. Normally, the tribal people lives in this area and depends on the local natural resources for their requirement and necessities. No commercial exploitation of resources is allowed in the biosphere reserve. Some of the famous biosphere reserve in India are Andaman and Nicobar biosphere reserve, Kaziranga biosphere reserve, Sunderban reserve, Kanha reserve and Pachmarhi biosphere reserve.

            Endemic Species

Endemic species are those, which are found in a particular region only. For example, the plant like Sal and wild mango are found in Pachmarhi biosphere reserve. The other species are giant squirrel, flying squirrel and bison are also the endemic species found in this reserve.

       Endemic Species      

        There are some species, which are found in a specific region only and not else where naturally. Such species are known as:

(a) Endemic species

(b) Freshwater

(c) land species

(d) Coniferous plant

(e) None of these

Answer: (a)

Explanation

The species, which are found in some specific region are known as endemic species.

        Different biosphere reserve is meant for different purpose. They are used to preserve different types of species of plants and animals. Which one of the following biosphere reserve is meant for preservation of different species of plants?

(a) Kanha reserve

(b) Pachmarhi

(c) Kaziranga

(d) Sunderban reserve

(e) None of these

Answer: (b)

Explanation

Kanha reserve, Kaziranga reserve and sunderban reserve is meant for different kinds of animals, and only Pachmarhi is meant for reserving different species of plant.