Classification
Category : 5th Class
Classification
Learning Objectives
What is Classification?
You must have in your mind what classification means. In fact, in classification, we take an element out of some given elements and the element to be taken out is different from the rest of the elements in terms of common properties, shapes, sizes, types, nature, colours, traits etc. In this way the remaining elements form a group and the element that has been taken out is not the member of that group, as this single element does not possess the common quality to be possessed by rest of the elements. For example, if we compare the animals like lion, cow, tiger, panther, bear and wolf, then we find that this is a group of animals. How do we classify then?
To understand this let us see the presentation given below:
Here/if we want to separate out one animal then definitely that animal will be cow because cow is the only animal in the group which is a domestic animal. Rest of the animals (lion, tiger, panther, bear and wolf) are wild animals. Hence, rest of the animals (lion, tiger, panther, bear & wolf) form a group of wild animals separating out the domestic animal (cow).
Similarly, out of 6 letters A, M, N X P & Q, we will take out A and form a group of 5 letters M, N, W, P & Q because out of given six letters only A is a vowel while remaining letters form a group of consonants.
Types of Classification
(a) Letter Based Classification.
Such classification is based on letters of English alphabet. So many groups of latter are given in the question in which one group is different from remaining group and hence, the different group will be our answer.
Example 1: Find the odd one out of the following options.
(a) PQT (b) UVY
(c) DEH (d) UN
(e) FGJ
Explanation:
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
As it is clear that except option (d), all the other options have a gap of 2 letters between 2nd and third letter and the 1st two letters are in consecutive order, while in case of option (d), 1st two letters are in consecutive order but there is a gap of 3 letters between 2nd and third letter. This is the reason why option (d) separates itself out of the remaining options. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
Example 2: Following are given options and out of them 4 form a group in terms of some similarity. Find out the option which does not fit into this group.
(a) L M N O ---- O N M L
(b) P Q R S ---- SRQ P
(c) I J K L ----- L K J I
(d) U V W X ---- V U X W
(e) None of these
Explanation:
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
\[\therefore \] Above presentation makes it clear that (d) does not fit into the group.
Commonly Asked Question
(a) A (b) O
(c) I (d) L
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Option (d) is correct because it is the only consonant in a group of vowels.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (d)
(a) AB-BA (b) LM-ML
(c) EF-GH (d) DE-ED
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Option (c) is correct because in, ail other options, the last two letters are the reverse of the 1st two letters.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c)
(b) Word Based Classification
In such type of classification, we have to take odd one out of the given group of words.
Example 1: Which one of the following words is not a part of the group formed by remaining words. The remaining words form the group on the basis of certain similarity.
(a) Name (b) Game
(c) Fame (d) Shame
(e) Lame
Explanation: Option (d) is the correct answer because this is the only word which has 5 letters while the remaining words have 4 letters and hence, option (a), (b), (c) & (e) form a group separating out option (d).
Example 2: Out of the 5 words given below, four have a certain thing common and so they form a group. Find out the word which one is not a part of that group.
(a) Slim (b) Trim
(c) Greet (d) Grid
(e) Fight
Explanation: Option (c) is the correct answer because this is the only option which has two vowels while the other options have only one vowel. Let us see the following presentation:
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) 
Commonly Asked Question
(a) Go (b) SO
(c) TO (d) Two
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only word in the group having three letters.
Rest of the options is incorrect because, each (a), (b) and (c) has 2 letters and option (e) becomes useless because of the correctness of option (d).
(a) Slim (b) Took
(c) Look (d) Book
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Option (a) is correct because it has two different middle letter I and i, whereas other options have 'oo' as their middle letters.
Let us see:
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(c) Digit Based Classification
In such type of classification, digits or numbers are given to find out the number/digit that is not a part of the group of remaining numbers.
Example 1: Find the odd one out
(a) 122 (b) 128
(c) 199 (d) 200
(e) 388
Explanation: Option (c) is the correct option because this is an odd number while all the other options are even numbers.
Example 2: Four of the following numbers have some similarity and hence, they form a group. Find out the number which does not suit in the group.
(a) 7842 (b) 7562
(c) 7122 (d) 7722
(e) 8952
Explanation: Option (e) is the correct answer as except option (e) all other options start with 7 & end with 2.
Commonly Asked Question
(a) 15 (b) 2
(c) 16 (d) 17
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Option (b) is correct because this is the only option in the given group which is made of a single digit.
Rest of the options is incorrect because each (a), (c) and (d) is made of 2 digits and so they form a group while option (e) is useless because of the correctness of option (b).
(a) 5 (b) 6
(c) 7 (d) 18
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only option in the group which is made of two digits.
Rest of the options is incorrect because each (a), (b) and (c) is made of one digit and option (e) becomes useless because of the correctness of option (d)
(d) General Knowledge Based Classification
Such classification is done on the basis of our general knowledge. No doubt, that this is a word based classification but without having general knowledge these type of questions cannot be solved.
Example 1: Find the odd one out.
(a) Patna (b) Mumbai
(c) Kolkata (d) Bangluru
(e) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation: Option (e) is the correct answer because Madhya Pradesh is an Indian State while all other options are capitals of Indian states. Patna is the capital of Bihar, Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra; Kolkata is the capital of West Bengal and Bangluru is the capital of Karnataka. In case of Madhya Pradesh, we can say it is an Indian state and it has its capital in Bhopal.
Example 2: Which of the following animals does not fit into the group formed by remaining four animals?
(a) Cat (b) Dog
(c) Tiger (d) Octopus
(e) Lion
Explanation: Option (d) is the correct option as this is the only animal out of given options which is a water animal. All other options are land animals.
Commonly Asked Question
(a) Rose (b) Potato
(c) Cauliflower (d) Cabage
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Option (a) is correct because this is the only flower in a group of vegetables.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (a).
(a) Delhi (b) Lahore
(c) Mumbai (d) Kolkata
(e) Patna
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Option (b) is correct because this is the only Pakistani city in a group of Indian cities.
Rest of the options is incorrect because each (a), (c)/ (d) and (e) is an Indian city.
Commonly Asked Question
(a) Watermelon (b) Orange
(c) Potato (d) Mango
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Option (c) is correct because this is the only vegetable in a group of fruits.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c).
(a) D (b) O
(c) L (d) M
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Option (b) is correct because this is the only vowel in a group of consonants.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (b).
(a) Five (b) Nine
(c) Line (d) Create
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only word of 6 letters in a group of words made of 4 letters.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (d).
(a) 12 (b) 22
(c) 32 (d) 15
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Option (d) is correct because this is the only option which ends with 5 while all others end with 2.
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (d).
(a) EA (b) PL
(c) IF (d) WS
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Let us see:
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
Rest of the options is incorrect because of the correctness of option (c).
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