Rules for Using Symbols
Category : 5th Class
Rule 1: When a symbol is repeated, its value is multiplied as many times as the symbol repeated.
II = 1 x 2 = 2,
III = 1 x 3 = 3,
XX = 10 x 2 = 20,
XXX = 10 x 3 = 30.
Note: A symbol cannot be repeated more than 3 times.
50 cannot be written as XXXXX.
Rule 2: The symbols whose value are power of 10 can be repeated. In other word the symbols, I, X, C, M can be repeated.
XXX = 30 , MM = 2000
Rule 3: The symbols whose value are either 5 or product of 5 and a power of 10 cannot be repeated. In other words V, L, and D cannot be repeated.
It is wrong to write LL for 100.
Rule 4: If a symbol of smaller value is right to the symbol of greater value, their values are added.
VI = 5 + 1 = 6, XV = 15, LX = 50 + 10 = 60.
Rule 5: If a symbol of smaller value is left to the symbol of greater value, their difference is the resulting value.
IV = 5 - 1 = 4, IX = 10 - 1 = 9.
Rule 6: The symbols whose value are either 5 or product of 5 and a power of 10 never subtracted. In other word V, L, and D are never written left to the symbol of greater value.
V cannot be written immediately left to X, L, C, D, and M; L can be written immediately left to the C, D, and M; D cannot be written left to the M.
Rule 7: If a symbol of smaller value comes between two symbols of larger value, its value is subtracted from the value of the symbol which is right to it.
XIX = 10+(10 - 1) = 19, L1V = 50 + (5 - 1).
Rule 8: A symbol of smaller value cannot be repeated two or more than two times left to a symbol of larger value.
30 cannot be written as XXL, similarly 8 cannot be written as IIX.
Rule 9: When a bar (horizontal line) is placed over a Roman symbol, the value of the symbol is increased by 1000 times.
\[\overline{\mathbf{I}}=\mathbf{1000},\text{ }\overline{\mathbf{v}}=\mathbf{5000}.\]
Look at the following table:
I | 1 | XXI | 21 | XLI | 41 | LXI | 61 | LXXXI | 81 | ||||
II | 2 | XXII | 22 | XLII | 42 | LXII | 62 | LXXXII | 82 | ||||
III | 3 | XXIII | 23 | XLIII | 43 | LXIII | 63 | LXXXIII | 83 | ||||
IV | 4 | XXIV | 24 | XLIV | 44 | LXIV | 64 | LXXXIV | 84 | ||||
V | 5 | XXV | 25 | XLV | 45 | LXV | 65 | LXXXV | 85 | ||||
VI | 6 | XXVI | 26 | XLVI | 46 | LXVI | 66 | LXXXVI | 86 | ||||
VII | 7 | XXVII | 27 | XLVII | 47 | LXVII | 67 | LXXXVII | 87 | ||||
VIII | 8 | XXVII | 28 | XLVIII | 48 | LXVIII | 68 | LXXXVIII | 88 | ||||
IX | 9 | XXIX | 29 | XLVIII | 49 | LXIX | 69 | LXXXIX | 89 | ||||
X | 10 | XXX | 30 | XLIX | 50 | LXX | 70 | XC | 90 | ||||
XI | 11 | XXXI | 31 | LI | 51 | LXXI | 71 | XCI | 91 | ||||
XII | 12 | XXXII | 32 | LII | 52 | LXXII | 72 | XCII | 92 | ||||
XIII | 13 | XXXIII | 33 | LIII | 53 | LXXIII | 73 | XCIII | 93 | ||||
XIV | 14 | XXXIV | 34 | LIV | 54 | LXXIV | 74 | XCIV | 94 | ||||
XV | 15 | XXXV | 35 | LV | 55 | LXXV | 75 | XCV | 95 | ||||
XVI | 16 | XXXVI | 36 | LVI | 56 | LXXVI | 76 | XCVI | 96 | ||||
XVII | 17 | XXXVII | 37 | LVII | 57 | LXXVII | 77 | XCVII | 97 | ||||
XVIII | 18 | XXXVIII | 38 | LVIII | 58 | LXXVIII | 78 | XCVIII | 98 | ||||
XIX | 19 | XXXIX | 39 | LIX | 59 | LXXIX | 79 | XCIX | 99 | ||||
XX | 20 | XL | 40 | LX | 60 | LXXX | 80 | C | 100 | ||||
D | 500 | ||||||||||||
M | 1000 |
Write the Roman numeral for 317.
Explanation
317 = 300 + 10 +7
And 300 = CCC, 10 = X, 7 = VII
Thus 317 = CCCXVII.
Write the Roman numeral for 548.
Explanation
548 = 500 + 40 + 8 .
And 500 = D, 40 = XL(XXXX can not be written for 40), 8 = Vlll.
Find the value of \[\overline{\text{XIV}}.\]
Explanation
XIV =24, XIV = 24000.
Arrange the following in ascending order:
LXIX, XXIX, XLVII, CLIV, XCIX
Explanation
LXIX = 69, XXIX =29, XLVII = 47, CLIV = 154, XCIX = 99
Thus XXIX, XLVII, LXIX, XCIX, CLIV
Which one of the following Roman numerals is correct for 745?
(a) CCCMLXV
(b) DCCLXV
(c) DCCXLV
(d) DMXLV
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Amelia made a mistake while writing Roman numeral for 445. She wrote CDXIV. How will you correct themistake
(a) C should be replaced by L
(b) I should be replaced by L
(c) I should be replaced by M
(d) X should be replaced by C
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
For which one of the following numbers, each Roman symbol used exactly once?
(a) 1666
(b) 1999
(c) 1990
(d) 1000
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
XL represents a number. If place of the symbols is interchanged, the number will increased by:
(a) 1
(b) 5
(c) 10
(d) 20
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Smallest 3 digit number is subtracted from smallest 4 digit number. Write the result in Roman numeral.
(a) DM
(b) CM
(c) DCM
(d) MC
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
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