Plant and Animals
Category : 2nd Class
Plant and Animals
Plants
Plants are the living things which can make their own food and cannot move. Plants Grow in the soil. They need water, air, and sunlight for preparing their food.
Classification of Plants on the Basis of Their Length
Plants are divided into the following categories:
Trees
Trees are big plants. They have hard and strong stems. For example, banyan and mango tree.
Banyan tree Mango tree
Shrubs
Shrubs are small plants. They have many hard branches which grow close to the ground. For example, rose and hibiscus plant.
Rose hibiscus plant
Herbs
Herbs are very small plants. They have soft stems. For example, mint, basil.
Mini Basil Plant
Climbers
Climbers are the plants with weak stems. They need some support to stand straight. For example, grapevine and pea plant.
Grapevine Plant Pea Plant
Creepers
Creepers are the plants which have week stem and grow along the ground.
Pumpkin plant watermelon plant
Classification of Plants on the Basis of Their Location
Plants grow in different places. On the basis of where they grow, plants are divided into following categories:
Water Plants
There are some plants that grow in water only. They have usually big leaves that float on water. For example, lotus and water lily.
Lotus plant Water lily plant
Desert plants
There are some plants that grow in deserts. For example, cactus. Cactus grows in hot places. It has thorns.
cactus plant opuntia plant
Plants as Our Friends
Plants are the true friends of human beings. They give us so many things. Some of the things that we get from plants are given below:
Plants give us food
Most of our food is given by plants. We eat different parts of plants. Some parts of plants that we eat are given below:
Seeds: Rice, wheat, corn, etc.
Rice plant Corn plant
Wheat plant
Roots: Carrot, turnip, radish and sweet potato.
Carrot Radish Turnip
Stems: Sugarcane grows above the ground but potato and ginger grow under the ground.
Sugarcane Ginger plant
Leaves: Coriander, mint, lettuce, spinach and cabbage.
Cabbage Coriander
Fruits: Mango, pear, banana, apple, etc.
Mango Banana Apple
Flowers: Cauliflower, rose, Jasmine, broccoli, etc.
Cauliflower Broccoli
Plants give us wood
We get firewood for cooking from plants. We also make many things like doors, windows. beds, tables, chairs, etc. from wood.
Bed Table Chair
Plants give us fibre
Fibre from the cotton plant is used to make cloth. Fibre from the jute plant is used to make cloth, sacks, ropes and mats.
Fabric sacks
Plants give us medicine
We make medicines like penicillin and quinine from plants. Tulsi leaves are used to treat common cold and cough.
Sweet-smelling flowers like jasmine and rose are used to make perfumes.
Tulsi plant Turmeric plant
Amla plant
Plants give us other things
Paper is made from bamboo.
Gum is made from the keekar tree.
Rubber is made from the rubber tree.
Seeds like sesame and fruits like coconut give us oil. We use oil for cooking. Pepper, clove and cumin are spices that make our food tasty.
Animals
Animals are the living things that can move, breathe, eat food and grow. Animals are broadly divided into following categories:
Domestic Animals
Some people keep animals at home. Such animals are called pets. Dogs guard our home. Cats scare away mice.
Dog Cat
Some animals are kept in a farm. They are called farm animals. For example, cows, buffaloes, sheeps, hens and ducks.
Cow Buffalo
Sheep Hen
Pet animals and farm animals together are called domestic animals.
Wild Animals
Some animals live in the jungle. They are called wild animals. For example, lions, elephants, tigers, zebras, giraffe, etc.
Lion Elephant
Tiger Zebra
Giraffe Bear
Animals Help us
Animals help us in many ways. We get many things from them. Some animals give us food. For example, cow and goat give us milk. Some gives us fibre for our clothes. For example, sheep gives us wool.
Some animals make our work easy. Bullocks plough our fields. Elephants, camels, horses and donkeys carry loads for us.
Elephant Camel
Horse Donkey
Food of Animals
Some animals are plant-eaters. Cows, goats, deer and camels eat grass, leaves and green plants.
Deer Horse
Some animals are flesh-eaters. Lions, tigers and leopards eat the flesh of other animals.
Lion Leopard
Some animals eat both plants and other animals. Bear, crow eat both plants and other animals.
Deer Crow
Some animals eat the flesh of dead animals. Vultures, wild dogs and hyenas are such animals. This way they help to keep the jungle clean.
Hyena Vulture
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