1st Class Mental Ability Analogy 372 Analogy

OBJECTIVE

• Students will understanding how analogies used.
• Students will be able to make comparisons between concepts and complete analogies.

INTRODUCTION

An analogy is comparison things which are basically not alike but which share some kind of striking similarity.

HOW TO “READ” ANALOGIES

The symbol (:) means “is to” and the symbol (: :) means “as.” Thus, the analogy, “apple: fruit: carrot: vegetable,” should be read “apple is to fruit as carrot is to vegetable.” Stated another way, the relationship between apple and fruit is the same as the relationship carrot and vegetable.

STEPS TO SOLVE

Step 1:  Look carefully at the first pair of examples.

Step 2:  How are these two pairs connected?

Step 3:  Complete the second pair in the same way as the first pair.

Step 4: Make sure that all the necessary changes are made.

Types of Analogy

(i) Picture Based Analogy

Directions (Examples 1 - 2): Choose the correct matching pair.

1.

(a)                                   (b)                       

(c)                                     (d)

Ans.     (b)

The first figure is a part of second figure and the second image is the complete figure.

So, the correct answer is (b).

                         2.

(a)                 (b)

(c)                    (d)

Ans.     (c)

Pair of figures on the left side of : : are vegetables. Pair of figures on the right side of:: are fruits.

(ii) Number Based Analogy

 Direction (Example 3): Choose the correct matching pair.

                   3.

(a) 4                              (b) 1             

(c) 6                              (d) 7

Ans.     (c)

\[2\times 2=4\]

Similarly,

\[3\times 2=6\]

So, the correct answer is (c).

(iii) Alphabet Based Analogy

Direction (Example 4): Choose the correct matching pair.

        4.           

(a) D                             (b) Z

(c) Y                             (d) U

Ans.     (b)

Letter B of first pair is moved two steps forward i.e., \[B\xrightarrow{+2}D\]

Similarly,

Letter X of second pair is moved two steps forward i.e., \[X\xrightarrow{+2}Z\]

(iv) Word Based Analogy

Direction (Example 5): Choose the correct matching pair.

(a) Fly                           (b) Walk

(c) Swim                        (d) Hop

Ans.     (b)

As, birds fly to move, similarly, men walk to move.