1st Class Mathematics Subtraction

SUBTRACTION

SYNOPSIS

• Subtraction is the opposite of addition.
• Taking away things is called subtraction.
• The words difference, left, remaining, taken away, less etc., mean subtraction.
• The symbol for subtraction is -, read as minus.
• The number from which another number is taken away is called minuend.
• The number that is taken away is called subtrahend.
• The answer we get by subtracting a given number from the other is called difference.

• We can subtract numbers using a number line.g., 5 - 4

So, 5 – 4 = 1.  

• We can also use our fingers, draw lines and remove objects to subtract numbers.
• Subtracting numbers by writing them in a line (across) is called horizontal subtraction. e.g., 10-4 = 6 (Across)   
• Subtracting numbers by writing them one below the other (down) is called vertical subtraction.
  

• Subtraction using Ones: Subtract the numbers and write the difference.

• Subtraction using Tens and Ones: Subtract the ones first, write the difference and then subtract the tens.

e.g., (a)                (b)     

• Subtracting 0 from a number gives the number itself as difference.

e.g., 6 – 0 = 6  

• Subtracting a number from the number itself gives 0 as the difference.

e.g., 3 – 3 = 0