12th Class Biology Blank Population Trends in the World and India

Population Trends in the World

The distribution of human population is not uniform throughout the world. Only about one third of the total land area is inhabited. Of the inhabited areas, some are thickly populated, others sparsely. This depends upon the availability of the requirements of life. About 56% of the total world population resides in Asia alone. Bangladesh is the most thickly populated country, and Australia, the most thinly populated.

Annual Birth, Death and Growth Rates for Human Population in 1973

Population Trends in India

(1) Population : India with a population of 1027 million as 2001 census stands second in the world. The world leader in the matter of population is China with a population of 1160 million. India has only 2.42% of the world's land area but supports over 15.5% of the world's population. Thus, one in every 6 persons in the world is an Indian. India's population has been steadily rising since 1921. However, from the year 1921, often called the "big divide", its population started to swell up sharply. India's population has increased 3 times since independence (1947) when its population was 340 million. About 1800 individuals are born every hour, 17 million every year. India's population crossed one billion (100 crores) mark on May 11, 2000.

India's Population 1901 to 2001

(2) Sex Ratio : Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males in a country or state. Sex composition is affected by three factors : (i) differentials in male-female ratio at birth, (ii) differentials in mortality conditions of males and females, and (iii) sex-selective migration. India is one of the few countries where the males are more than the females.

India's Sex Ratio 1901 to 2001

(3) Literacy Rate : The literacy rate was 65.28% according to the 2001 census. It was 76.40 % for males and 54.16% for females. The literacy rate has been steadily increasing since 1951. Among the Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest literacy rate of 87.52%. Literacy rate is highest in Kerala (90.92%) and lowest in Bihar (47.53%). Any person who can read and write with understanding in any language is recorded as literate in census. All children below 7 years are shown as illiterate in the census.

India's Literacy Rate 1961 to 2001

Factors Favouring Population Growth

(1) Decrease in death rate.

(2) Increase in average life span.

(3) Better medical facilities.

(4) Control of insect vector's of fatal diseases and epidemics.

(5) Better sanitation.

(6) Proper care of new-born children and their mothers.

(7) Better nutrition and life amenities.

(8) Protection against wild life and adverse whether through living in houses.

Details of India's Population of 1981, 1991 and 2001

India's Population Density 1991 to 2001

Percentage Age Groups in India

Parameters of 2001 census

• Population ..................... 1027.015

(+183 million)

Males = 531.277 million

Females = 495.738 million

• Population density................. 324 persons/sq. Km. (+60 persons/sq. Km.).
• Sex ratio................ 933 F : 1,000 M.
• Absolute decennial population growth .................... +183 million.
• Percent decennial population growth................... 21.34%(-2.52).
• Literacy rate.................... 65.38%(+13.27%).
• Male literacy................... 75.85%.
• Female literacy............... 54.16%(+14.74%).
• Birth rate............... 26 per 1,000.
• Death rate............ 8 per 1,000.

Other Information about Census 2001 :

• Most populous state of India = Uttar Pradesh (166 millions) (18.17%).
• Second Most populous state of India = Maharashtra (95 millions).
• Least populous state of India = Sikkim (5.40 lakh).
• Most densely populated state of India = West Bengal (904 persons per sq. Km.).
• Second most densely populated state of India = Bihar (880 persons per sq. Km.).
• Least densely populated state = Arunachal Pradesh (13 persons per sq. Km.).
• Union territory with maximum population density = Delhi (9,294 persons per sq. Km.).
• Union territory with minimum population density = Andaman and Nicobar (43 persons per sq. Km.).
• State with highest Decennial population growth = Nagaland (64.41%).
• State with lowest Decennial population growth = Kerala (9.42%).
• Average life expectancy in India = 64 years.
• Sex ratio in Kerala state = 1,058 F :1,000 M.

State with highest literacy rate  = Kerala 90.92% (94.2% in males and 88% in females).