The screening effect or shielding effect
Category : JEE Main & Advanced
A valence-electron in a multi-electron atom is attracted by the nucleus, and repelled by the electrons of inner-shells. The combined effect of this attractive and repulsive force acting on the valence-electron experiences less attraction from the nucleus. This is called shielding or screening effect. The magnitude of the screening effect depends upon the number of inner electrons, i.e., higher the number of inner electrons, greater shall be the value of screening effect. The screening effect constant is represented by the symbol \['\sigma '\] is determined by the Slater's rules.
The magnitude of screening constant in the case of s- and p- block elements increases in a period as well as in a group as the atomic number increases.
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